你我皆生活在社會裡，來自於不同的居住地、家庭類型、文化背景、教育水準、宗教信仰、政治認同的社會大眾，我們擁有的職業、性別、種族、階層也不一樣，如何能夠與其他社會人共同組成一個社會？社會如何可能呢？社會之所以形成，到底是藉助了哪些力量？事實上，社會與政治、法律、經濟、文化、教育等社會制度息息相關，牽一髮而動全身！
社會學是觀察與詮釋在地社會的理論基礎，十九世紀以來，社會學古典三大家各有所本。
馬克思關懷在資本主義下的勞工階級。資本家掌握了生產工具，低價買進工人的勞動力，又高價售出工人所生產的商品，差價就是剩餘價值的由來。在《資本論》三大卷中揭櫫的核心命題就是資本家掌握經濟上層結構，主宰社會、政治等制度與意識型態，奪取剩餘價值，致力於資本積累。工人終致成為無產階級/普羅階級，在勞動過程中成為小小螺絲釘，卻無法意識到自己被異化的生存處境。綜言之，馬克思提出歷史唯物論與經濟決定論，闡明階級衝突的論點，試圖破除虛假意識，喚醒階級意識，並預言資本主義(拜物教)的失敗。
涂爾幹則關注社會如何可能的命題，首先在《社會分工論》中提出了著名的社會連帶/社會凝聚(solidarity)，並區分機械連帶與有機連帶-從傳統社會轉變到現代社會的組成形式。在《宗教生活的基本形式》與《自殺論》中，同樣圍繞在個人對於社會集體的崇拜，將形成結構性的團結力量，然而仍難以避免失序(anomie)的狀態，需要制定法律以約制道德。
韋伯在《新教倫理與資本主義精神》比較不同宗教教義與資本主義的親近性。在《經濟與社會》中討論支配/權力具正當性的類型，包括傳統、克理斯瑪(魅力型)與法制型，科層制(理性官僚組織)就是法制的支配類型，是理性化的象徵，但缺點是忽略人性而落入鐵牢籠。韋伯整合社會、經濟與政治三者，創造多元階層理論，更加豐富了階層與不平等的論述。

You and I all live in society and come from different places of residence, family types, cultural backgrounds, education levels, religious beliefs, and political identities. We also have different occupations, genders, races, and classes. How can we form a society with other people in society? How is society possible? What forces were used to form society? In fact, society is closely related to political, legal, economic, cultural, educational and other social systems, and one move affects the whole body!
Sociology is the theoretical basis for observing and interpreting local society. Since the 19th century, the three classical schools of sociology have each had their own roots.
Marx was concerned about the working class under capitalism. Capitalists master the tools of production, buy workers' labor power at a low price, and sell the goods produced by workers at a high price. The price difference is the origin of surplus value. The core proposition published in the three volumes of "Das Kapital" is that capitalists control the economic superstructure, dominate social, political and other systems and ideologies, seize surplus value, and devote themselves to capital accumulation. The workers eventually became the proletariat/proletarian class and became little screws in the labor process, but they were unable to realize their alienated living situation. To sum up, Marx proposed historical materialism and economic determinism, clarified the argument of class conflict, tried to get rid of false consciousness, awaken class consciousness, and predicted the failure of capitalism (fetishism).
Durkheim focused on the proposition of how society is possible. He first proposed the famous social solidarity/social cohesion (solidarity) in "The Theory of Social Division of Labor" and distinguished between mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity - the form of composition of the transition from traditional society to modern society. In "Basic Forms of Religious Life" and "On Suicide", it is also centered around the individual's worship of the social collective, which will form a structural unity force. However, it is still difficult to avoid a state of disorder (anomie), and laws need to be formulated to restrict morality.
In "Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism", Weber compared the affinity between different religious doctrines and capitalism. In "Economy and Society", the legitimate types of dominance/power are discussed, including tradition, charismatic type, and legal type. Bureaucracy (rational bureaucratic organization) is the type of legal dominance and a symbol of rationality, but its shortcoming is that it ignores human nature and falls into an iron cage. Weber integrated society, economy and politics to create a multi-class theory, which further enriched the discussion of class and inequality.

1.進擊的社會學家，2014，群學出版。
2.社會學與台灣社會，2000，王振寰、瞿海源。
3.巷仔口社會學，王宏仁主編，2014，大家出版，遠足文化發行。

1. Aggressive Sociologist, 2014, Qunxue Publishing.
2. Sociology and Taiwanese Society, 2000, Wang Zhenhuan and Qu Haiyuan.
3. Sociology of Xiangzikou, edited by Wang Hongren, 2014, published by everyone and distributed by Hiking Culture.