文化人類學


授課教師：鄭斐文 副教授
上課時間：每週三14:00—17:00

＊課程大綱以第一週上課發放為主，請同學務必於第一週到教室

一、 課程目標及內涵

學習人類學是為了培養社會學想像力之中的人類學想像力。在歐美各大學課程中，文化人類學早已是社會通識課程訓練的基礎。文化人類學為社會人類學的分支，特別著重於研究不同社會文化的相同與差異之處。從不同社會文化與民族故事中，我們得以理解自身與其他種族不同宇宙觀/人觀，並進一步反思自身，從而能創造多元、互惠尊重的世界觀。文化人類學也要學習人類學民族誌研究方法與田野調查，也是社會學研究調查的方法之一。學習人類學需要反思研究者與被研究者的關係、西方與東方、白人與有色人種、自然與文化的關係。本課程會具體從人類學案例討論分析，並且深入三個民族誌案例討論。文化人類學課程欲達成的目標為，讓同學有深刻的人類學想像力、觀點轉移與田野觀察能力。因此，我們需要以相當不同於台灣現代生活的少數民族案例來學習。

文化人類學課程主要分成四個主要方向：1.文化人類學理論簡介；2.以兩個重要少數民族與女性割禮（非洲、印尼與中東地區）為案例，探討經濟、宗教象徵、儀式與種族世界觀如何影響不同社會的樣貌。三個案例如下：以摩梭族（中國四川與雲南一帶）討論親屬、家庭與婚姻；以喜馬拉雅山區的宗教與文化（不丹、尼泊爾、印度、圖博）來分析現代性、政治與宗教的關係；以非洲的割禮儀式討儀式、性別與「文化相對論」等，此為課程主要探討案例；3.將深入教授人類學研究方法、民族誌等田野調查，並且實際鼓勵學生做田野觀察紀錄。

cultural anthropology


Instructor: Zheng Feiwen, Associate Professor
Class time: every Wednesday 14:00-17:00

*The course syllabus will be distributed in the first week of class. Students are required to come to the classroom during the first week.

1. Course objectives and connotation

Studying anthropology is to cultivate the anthropological imagination within the sociological imagination. In the courses of universities in Europe and the United States, cultural anthropology has long been the basis of general social education courses. Cultural anthropology is a branch of social anthropology that focuses on the study of similarities and differences between different social cultures. From the stories of different social cultures and nationalities, we can understand the different worldviews/views of people between ourselves and other races, and further reflect on ourselves, so that we can create a worldview of diversity, mutual benefit and respect. Cultural anthropology also needs to learn anthropological ethnographic research methods and fieldwork, which is also one of the methods of sociological research and investigation. Studying anthropology requires reflection on the relationship between the researcher and the researched, the West and the East, white people and people of color, nature and culture. This course will specifically discuss and analyze anthropological cases, and discuss three ethnographic cases in depth. The goal of the cultural anthropology course is to equip students with profound anthropological imagination, perspective transfer and field observation abilities. Therefore, we need to learn from the cases of ethnic minorities that are quite different from modern life in Taiwan.

The cultural anthropology course is mainly divided into four main directions: 1. Introduction to cultural anthropology theory; 2. Taking two important ethnic minorities and female circumcision (Africa, Indonesia and the Middle East) as cases to explore how economics, religious symbols, rituals and racial worldviews affect the appearance of different societies. The three cases are as follows: the Mosuo people (in Sichuan and Yunnan, China) discuss kinship, family and marriage; the religion and culture in the Himalayas (Bhutan, Nepal, India, Tibet) are used to analyze the relationship between modernity, politics and religion; the African circumcision ceremony is used to discuss rituals, gender and "cultural relativity", etc. This is the main case study of the course; 3. Anthropological research methods, ethnography and other field surveys will be taught in depth, and students will be actually encouraged to make field observation records.

二、 課程讀物：
Ａ. 主要教科書

1. 芭芭拉·德米克著、洪慧芳譯，2021，《吃佛：從一座城市窺見西藏的劫難與求生》。麥田出版社。
2. 盧克．拉斯特著（Luke Eric Lassiter），郭禎麟、吳意琳等翻譯，2010《歡迎光臨人類學》（Invitation to Anthropology）。台北：群學出版。
3. 科塔克著 (Conrad Phillip Kottak)、徐雨村譯，2005。《文化人類學：文化多樣性的探索》。桂冠。
4. 克勞德‧李維-史陀著、廖惠瑛翻譯（2014），《我們都是食人族》。一書中的「社會問題：割禮和人工生殖」。
5. 茱蒂絲・斯泰西（Judith Stacey）著、李屹譯，2019，《解套：愛情、婚姻與家庭價值，西好萊塢到中國西部》。游擊文化。第四五章
6. 周華山，2001，《無父無夫的國度：重女不輕男的母系摩梭》。香港同志出版。(p. 70-157; 195—227; 228--264)


B. 其他進階與參考教材：
1. 奈吉爾、巴利著，何穎怡翻譯，2008。《天真的人類學家 小泥屋筆記》。商周出版。
2. Podolefsky, Aaron and Brown, Peter J. 2003. Applying Cultural Anthropology：An Introductory Reader. McGraw- hill higher education. chapter 29. 「當兄弟共有一個太太」“When Brothers Share A Wife.”
3. 關於摩梭族的其他文本：周華山，2003，《天堂家書：17個摩梭人分享自身的難忘故事》。香港同志出版。(p. 68-85; 88-103)。或者，周華山，2003，《子宮文化：摩梭不是母系,而是家屋社會》。香港同志出版。(p. 152—159; 6-24)
4. 圖博文本：王力雄，2009，《天葬：西藏的命運》。大塊文化出版。唯色、王力雄，2009，《聽說西藏：發自西藏現場的獨立聲音》。大塊文化。
潘美玲，2016，〈錯置的離散：台藏家庭的在台境遇〉，《臺灣人權學刊》3（4）：69-89。
5. 關於割禮的文本：克勞德‧李維-史陀著、廖惠瑛翻譯（2014），《我們都是食人族》。一書中的「社會問題：割禮和人工生殖」
6. Podolefsky, Aaron and Brown, Peter J.2003. Applying Cultural Anthropology：An Introductory Reader. McGraw- hill higher education. Chapter 38 「割禮、複數主義與文化相對主義的兩難」（‘Circumcision, Pluralism, and Dilemmas of Cultural Relativism.’）

2. Course readings:
Ａ.Main Textbooks

1. Written by Barbara Demick, translated by Hong Huifang, 2021, "Eating Buddha: A Glimpse of Tibetan Disaster and Survival from a City". Wheatfield Press.
2. Luke. Written by Luke Eric Lassiter, translated by Guo Zhenlin, Wu Yilin and others, 2010 "Invitation to Anthropology". Taipei: Qunxue Publishing House.
3. Written by Conrad Phillip Kottak, translated by Xu Yucun, 2005. Cultural Anthropology: An Exploration of Cultural Diversity. Laurel crown.
4. "We Are All Cannibals" written by Claude Levi-Strauss and translated by Liao Huiying (2014). "Social Problems: Circumcision and Artificial Reproduction" in the book.
5. Written by Judith Stacey, translated by Li Yi, 2019, "Untangling: Love, Marriage and Family Values, West Hollywood to Western China". Guerrilla culture. Chapter 45
6. Zhou Huashan, 2001, "A Country Without a Father and a Husband: The Matriarchal Mosuo that Prioritizes Women over Men." Hong Kong Gay Publishing. (p. 70-157; 195-227; 228--264)


B. Other advanced and reference materials:
1. Written by Nigel and Barry, translated by He Yingyi, 2008. "Notes from a Naive Anthropologist's Little Mud Hut". Published by Shang Zhou.
2. Podolefsky, Aaron and Brown, Peter J. 2003. Applying Cultural Anthropology: An Introductory Reader. McGraw- hill higher education. chapter 29. "When Brothers Share A Wife."
3. Other texts about the Mosuo people: Zhou Huashan, 2003, "Letter from Heaven: 17 Mosuo People Share Their Unforgettable Stories". Hong Kong Gay Publishing. (p. 68-85; 88-103). Or Zhou Huashan, 2003, "Womb Culture: Mosuo is not a matrilineal society, but a family-house society." Hong Kong Gay Publishing. (p. 152—159; 6-24)
4. Picture blog text: Wang Lixiong, 2009, "Sky Burial: The Fate of Tibet". Chunk Culture Publishing. Woeser, Wang Lixiong, 2009, Hearing about Tibet: Independent voices from the scene in Tibet. Chunk culture.
Pan Meiling, 2016, "Displaced Dispersion: The Situation of Taiwanese Tibetan Families in Taiwan", "Taiwan Journal of Human Rights" 3 (4): 69-89.
5. Texts about circumcision: "We Are All Cannibals" by Claude Levi-Strauss and translated by Liao Huiying (2014). "Social Issues: Circumcision and Artificial Reproduction" in the book
6. Podolefsky, Aaron and Brown, Peter J.2003. Applying Cultural Anthropology: An Introductory Reader. McGraw- hill higher education. Chapter 38 ‘Circumcision, Pluralism, and Dilemmas of Cultural Relativism.’