課程簡介與目標：

知識社會學與意識形態研究作為一種知識的知識，本課程旨在探討「知識」作為社會現象的生成、再生產與權力結構。本課程將從馬克思主義的意識形態批判出發，理解知識如何深受社會結構與歷史條件的制約，並進一步延伸至現代與後現代的思想脈絡中，思考知識、權力與主體之間的關係，培養同學的後設與反身能力，讓同學能在一個更廣闊的視野上，看待我們文組每天在進行的知識閱讀、生產與傳播。
第一堂課我們會閱讀關永中的〈謝勒知識社會學的背景－文化社會學〉與蘇國賢的〈社會學知識的社會生產：台灣社會學者的隱形學群〉這兩篇文章，理解知識如何在學術體制與文化場域中被建構，讓同學可以先對「知識社會學」的問題意識與研究取徑有初步的了解。

上半學期本課程將閱讀 Karl Mannheim 的《意識形態與烏托邦》，了解從馬克思主義的「意識形態批判」到「知識社會學」的轉向，以及「知識社會學」的奠基問題——即思想與社會存在的關聯、真理與位置性的張力，透過閱讀曼海姆，我們將探討知識如何反映並同時形塑社會現實。

下半學期則會閱讀Michel Foucault 的《詞與物》，現代知識的誕生與西方近現代的人文主義轉向息息相關，「人是什麼?」的問題和答案，佔據了這數百年來各種知識體系中的核心位置，傅柯抓住了這一構建各種知識的重要核心線索，從「考古學」的視角探討知識的歷史構成條件。同學們將學習如何從「知識型」（episteme）的角度，分析不同時代的人文與社會知識，如何以「人」的知識為中心發展出對世界萬物的分類、言說和知識體系，思考在當代社會中，人的知識如何與權力體制、學術結構與文化再生產密切相關。

本課程旨在培養同學們的後設思考能力，了解我們所學習的知識和理論本身並不作為不證自明的真知終點，各種知識和理論本身也深受時代、政治、文化...等等因素的影響，因此對於這些知識和理論的後設分析，有助於我們了解不同知識的特徵、有效性和限制，由此我們才可能進一步的去設想不同的知識可能性，而不被所學所囿。

Course Introduction and Objectives:

Sociology of knowledge and ideology study knowledge as a kind of knowledge. This course aims to explore the generation, reproduction and power structure of "knowledge" as a social phenomenon. This course will start from Marxist ideology criticism, understand how knowledge is deeply restricted by social structure and historical conditions, and further extend into the modern and post-modern ideological context, thinking about the relationship between knowledge, power and subject, cultivating students' meta- and reflexive abilities, so that students can view the knowledge reading, production and dissemination that our literary group performs every day from a broader perspective.
In the first class, we will read two articles, "Background of Scheler's Sociology of Knowledge - Cultural Sociology" by Kwan Yong-chung and "Social Production of Sociological Knowledge: The Invisible Group of Taiwanese Sociologists" by Su Guoxian, to understand how knowledge is constructed in the academic system and cultural field, so that students can have a preliminary understanding of the problem awareness and research approach of "sociology of knowledge".

In the first half of the semester, this course will read Karl Mannheim's "Ideology and Utopia" to understand the shift from Marxist "critique of ideology" to "sociology of knowledge" and the foundational issues of "sociology of knowledge" - that is, the relationship between thought and social existence, the tension between truth and positionality. Through reading Mannheim, we will explore how knowledge reflects and simultaneously shapes social reality.

In the second half of the semester, you will read Michel Foucault's "Words and Objects". The birth of modern knowledge is closely related to the humanistic turn in modern Western times. The question and answer "What is a human being?" has occupied a core position in various knowledge systems for hundreds of years. Foucault grasped this important core clue for constructing various knowledge, and explored the historical formation conditions of knowledge from an "archaeological" perspective. Students will learn how to analyze humanistic and social knowledge in different eras from the perspective of "knowledge" (episteme), how to develop the classification, discourse and knowledge system of all things in the world with "human" knowledge as the center, and think about how human knowledge is closely related to the power system, academic structure and cultural reproduction in contemporary society.

This course aims to cultivate students' meta-thinking ability and understand that the knowledge and theories we learn are not the self-evident end of knowledge. Various knowledge and theories themselves are also deeply affected by factors such as the times, politics, culture, etc. Therefore, meta-analysis of these knowledge and theories helps us understand the characteristics, validity and limitations of different knowledge, so that we can further imagine different knowledge possibilities without being constrained by what we have learned.

關永中，2004，〈謝勒知識社會學的背景－文化社會學〉，《臺大文史哲學報》，(60):265-295

蘇國賢，2004，〈社會學知識的社會生產：台灣社會學者的隱形學群〉。《台灣社會學》8 (2004): 133-192。

Karl Mannheim 著、張明貴 譯，2005，《意識形態與烏托邦》。台北：桂冠圖書股份有限公司

Michel Foucault 著、莫偉民 譯，2016，《詞與物─人文學科的考古學》。上海：上海三聯書店

Guan Yongzhong, 2004, "The Background of Scheler's Sociology of Knowledge - Cultural Sociology", Journal of National Taiwan University Literature, History and Philosophy, (60): 265-295

Su Guoxian, 2004, "The Social Production of Sociological Knowledge: The Invisible Group of Taiwanese Sociologists". Taiwan Sociology 8 (2004): 133-192.

Written by Karl Mannheim, translated by Zhang Minggui, 2005, "Ideology and Utopia". Taipei: Laurel Books Co., Ltd.

Written by Michel Foucault, translated by Mo Weimin, 2016, "Words and Objects - Archeology of the Humanities". Shanghai: Shanghai Sanlian Bookstore