「社會結構」這個概念，在當代人文社會科學的領域當中，幾乎可以說是個最基本的、社會學的學徒們朗朗上口的重要概念。然而，究竟什麼是社會的「結構」呢？在概念史上，「結構」這個概念在人文社會科學的領域其實是一個相當晚近的發明。本課程將從知識社會學和概念史的角度出發，去梳理「結構」這個概念的起源、生成、變化，以及其所帶來的影響。二十世紀初，語言學家索緒爾(Ferdinand de Saussure)從涂爾幹的宗教研究中得到啟發、進而發展出「結構語言學」，結構主義於焉誕生。到了二十世紀中葉，李維史陀（Claude Lévi-Strauss）構築了當代的結構主義的雛形，並進一步引響了結構主義的馬克思主義和存在主義的發展，更間接促成了後現代主義和後結構主義的誕生。本學期課程將沿著這條線索，去理解何謂「結構」、「社會結構」，以及對結構主義的批判、對話與反思。

The concept of "social structure" can almost be said to be the most basic concept in the field of contemporary humanities and social sciences, and is an important concept that is easily understood by students of sociology. However, what exactly is the "structure" of society? In the history of concepts, the concept of "structure" is actually a fairly recent invention in the field of humanities and social sciences. This course will start from the perspective of sociology of knowledge and conceptual history to sort out the origin, generation, changes, and impact of the concept of "structure." At the beginning of the 20th century, linguist Ferdinand de Saussure was inspired by Durkheim's religious studies and developed "structural linguistics", thus giving birth to structuralism. In the mid-20th century, Claude Lévi-Strauss constructed the prototype of contemporary structuralism, which further inspired the development of structuralist Marxism and existentialism, and indirectly contributed to the birth of postmodernism and poststructuralism. This semester's course will follow this clue to understand what "structure" and "social structure" are, as well as criticism, dialogue and reflection on structuralism.

弗朗索瓦‧多斯，2004，《從結構到解構︰法國20世紀思想主潮》，中央編譯出版社。

Francois Doss, 2004, "From Structure to Deconstruction: Main Trends of French Thought in the 20th Century", Central Compilation and Translation Press.