7041 - 城鄉規劃與設計〈一〉

Urban/Rural Community Planning and Design Studio (I)

教育目標 Course Target

文化資產的保存及再利用在台灣走過了一條近四十餘年漫長的路;從早期的「一級古蹟」「二級古蹟」「三級古蹟」等分級制度到進入『文化資產保存法』通過後「國定古蹟/歷史建築」與「市定(或縣定)古蹟/歷史建築」及「文化景觀」的指定,認定的程序簡化許多,也讓各有文化資產意義的建築物所在地的地方政府在決所在區域哪些歷史遺跡/歷史建築/古蹟時有更高的自主性決定編定的等級與介入輔導維護的方式。而隨著民間保存歷史文化資產的意識之逐漸抬頭,文化資產保存法也增列了民間自主提報的機制,讓古蹟/歷史建築的認定可以跳過含括公-私的所有權人的主觀意識,進入到公共資產維護的層次,得以透過集體的意識與官方或公共的資金協助啟動維護。近年來國外方興未艾的「保存管理計畫」(Conversation Management Planning, 簡稱CMP)也催生了所有權人與管理人分流的概念,並期許更有效、更創新的維護管理機制以帶動文化資產的長期持續的保存再利用。
「保存管理計畫」的引入台灣,東海大學的路思義教堂可說是恭逢其盛地引入並實習了當時全球的現代建築保存領域才正在啟動的「保存管理維護計畫」:2014 -5年間,美國蓋提基金會(Getty Foundation)開始啟動了之後持續在全球推動六年的「維持其現代」獎助(”Keepin it Modern” Grant,一般簡稱為KIM計畫),並在第一年選定了路思義教堂,支助東海大學總務處/建築系進行這棟當時尚不具備文化資產正式身份的重要現代建築經典的文化資產保存修復研究計畫。之後的發展,意外地啟動了台灣針對戰後現代建築的關注及一系列來自於民間的保存運動及官方的文化資產身份指定;可這也是一條不容易的推動之路,從2016年中旬建築系碩士班學生推動校園保存運動並催生文化資產身份指定開始,遲至2019年初,台灣才在貝聿銘先生過世前夕確定路思義教堂及畢律思鐘樓取得了「市定古蹟」的身份,同年,另行指定了校內的衛理會館與原藝術中心為「歷史建築」,年底,將整個陳其寬、張肇康在校期間曾經經手過的現代主義校園建築所在的區域整體劃設為「文化景觀」。
這一段意外發展出的保存活動,讓蓋提基金會透過KIM計畫全球推動的「保存管理計畫」有了不一樣的發展經驗。因此,該基金會於2019年底邀請東海大學研擬該基金會收尾KIM計畫的國際工作營,並期許將教堂會友、東海大學師生校友及台中市民環繞路思義教堂陸續推展出的文化資產保存維護的參與與認知/認同的建構經驗,分享給全球其他接受過KIM獎助的團隊,也同時與其他國家的經驗互動交流。這個因為疫情延宕了三載有餘的國際工作營已經於2024年2月在東海大學校園展開,不僅為Getty基金會的KIM計畫劃下了一個完美的句點,也提示著台灣的現代建築文化資產保存繼續前行的道路。
著眼於前述文化資產保存再利用的集體氛圍及社會需求,本課程預期修課同學成為文化資產保存再利用的尖兵,在未來的專業生涯規劃中增加一項新的專業能力;此專業能力,特別指向了特定建築物或建築群的文化重要性與價值的發掘與界定。也期許修課同學們能利用本課程提前暖身進入論文寫作階段,學習將研究對象放回大的歷史或地理空間的脈絡中檢視。
課程將善用「東海大學早期校園」此一全國唯一一所校園具有文化資產身份的大學校園,去思考過去所培養的空間專業能力與城鄉規劃組所強調的都市計畫/都市設計的能力,如何在此大學校園中以re-programming的方式找到新的出路。亦即,當大家都還在糾結於要不要申請、具有文化資產身份?何時可以啟動維修與再利用計畫的時候,東海希望可以從「保存管理規劃」的角度,思考文化資產保存的工作放在校園的尺度來面對都市、面對社會大眾、也面對過往這個城市的發展與成長的經歷的時候,有哪些可行的出路與實踐方式。
課程將以目前刻正進行中的康敦樓調查研究與再利用計畫中的七十週年校慶策展活動,以及康敦樓對面仍在閒置中的「招待所」為操作實習點,讓同學可以在活動的策劃與安排中重新思考文化資產的文化意義與重要性;尤其是面對即將修繕完成面對校友師生開放的前校長公館康敦樓與接續著「校長公館」開啟的校園公共性的思考脈絡下連帶依序完成的招待所、男女白宮等原本的校園規劃中不曾出現的三棟頗具特色的不同現代建築時,我們應該從專業的角度萃取出哪些可供大眾理解與消費的文化面向。這個經驗,也將成為後半個學期要進一步透過「公共性」的重新建構賦予校園空間新的意義與價值的基礎。期許著校方目前「資產活化」的概念中,文化資產身份不再是限制與負債,而是一個展望未來的新立足點;修習本課程的同學透過十六週密集的專業操作與觀念的反覆辯證之後,面對文化資產與不同機構個別的發展歷史與經營管理,能夠有截然不同於過往的觀念與行動能力。

The preservation and reuse of cultural assets has gone a long way in Taiwan for more than 40 years; from the early grading system of "First-Class Monuments", "Second-Class Monuments" and "Third-Class Monuments" to "National Monuments/Historic Buildings" and "Municipal (or County) Monuments/ The designation of "historic buildings" and "cultural landscapes" has greatly simplified the identification procedures, and also allows local governments where buildings with cultural asset significance are located to have greater autonomy in deciding which historical relics/historic buildings/monuments are in the area to determine the designation level and intervention guidance and maintenance methods. As the public awareness of preserving historical and cultural assets gradually rises, the Cultural Assets Preservation Law also adds a mechanism for private self-reporting, so that the identification of monuments/historic buildings can skip the subjective consciousness of public-private owners and enter the level of public asset maintenance. Maintenance can be initiated through collective consciousness and official or public funds. In recent years, the emerging “Conversation Management Planning” (CMP) abroad has also given rise to the concept of separation of owners and managers, and hopes for a more effective and innovative maintenance and management mechanism to promote the long-term and sustainable preservation and reuse of cultural assets.
The introduction of the "Preservation Management Plan" to Taiwan, Tunghai University's Lucien Church can be said to have been a great opportunity to introduce and practice the "Preservation Management and Maintenance Plan" that was just being launched in the field of modern architectural preservation around the world at that time: In 2014-5, the Getty Foundation in the United States began to launch the "Keepin it Modern" grant ("Keepin it Modern") that has been promoted globally for six years. Grant (commonly referred to as the KIM project), and in the first year, the Lucien Church was selected to support the General Affairs Office/Department of Architecture of Tunghai University in carrying out a research project on the preservation and restoration of cultural assets of this important modern architectural classic that did not have the official status of a cultural asset at the time. Subsequent developments unexpectedly triggered Taiwan's attention to post-war modern architecture and a series of folk preservation movements and official cultural asset status designations. However, this is also a difficult road to promote. Starting from mid-2016, students in the master's class of the Department of Architecture promoted the campus preservation movement and gave birth to cultural asset status designations. As late as early 2019, Taiwan On the eve of Mr. I.M. Pei's death, Wancai confirmed that the Rutherford Church and the Bell Tower had obtained the status of "municipal monuments." In the same year, it also designated the Methodist Hall and the original Art Center on campus as "historic buildings." At the end of the year, the entire area where the modernist campus buildings that Chen Qikuan and Zhang Zhaokang had handled during their school days were designated as a "cultural landscape."
The unexpected development of preservation activities during this period gave the Getty Foundation a different development experience for the "Preservation Management Project" promoted globally through the KIM Project. Therefore, at the end of 2019, the foundation invited Tunghai University to develop an international work camp for the foundation's KIM project. It hopes to share the experience of participating in the preservation and maintenance of cultural assets and constructing cognition/identity that church members, Tunghai University teachers, students, alumni, and Taichung citizens around the Luce Church have launched with other teams around the world that have received KIM grants, and at the same time interact with the experiences of other countries. This international work camp, which has been postponed for more than three years due to the epidemic, has been launched on the campus of Tunghai University in February 2024. It not only brings a perfect conclusion to the Getty Foundation's KIM project, but also reminds the way forward for the preservation of Taiwan's modern architectural cultural assets.
Focusing on the collective atmosphere and social needs for the preservation and reuse of cultural assets mentioned above, this course expects students to become pioneers in the preservation and reuse of cultural assets and add a new professional ability to their future professional career planning; this professional ability is particularly directed towards the discovery and definition of the cultural importance and value of specific buildings or building groups. It is also hoped that students taking this course can use this course to warm up in advance and enter the thesis writing stage, and learn to examine the research object in the context of a larger historical or geographical space.
The course will make good use of the "Early Campus of Tunghai University", the only university campus in the country with cultural asset status, to think about how the spatial professional abilities cultivated in the past and the urban planning/urban design abilities emphasized by the urban and rural planning group can find new ways to re-program on this university campus. In other words, when everyone is still wondering whether to apply for cultural asset status? When the repair and reuse plan can be launched, Donghai hopes to think about the possible solutions and practical methods of cultural asset preservation from the perspective of "preservation management planning" when it is placed on a campus scale to face the city, the public, and the city's past development and growth experience.
The course will use the 70th anniversary curation activities of the Hong Kong Building survey and reuse project currently in progress, as well as the still unused "guest house" opposite Hong Dun Building as operational practice points, allowing students to rethink the cultural significance and importance of cultural assets in the planning and arrangement of activities; especially facing alumni when the renovation is about to be completed. When considering the Kangdon Building, the former principal's residence open to teachers and students, and the guest house, the men's and women's white house, and other three distinctive modern buildings that did not appear in the original campus plan, we should extract from a professional perspective what cultural aspects can be understood and consumed by the public. This experience will also become the basis for further giving new meaning and value to campus space through the reconstruction of "publicity" in the second half of the semester. It is hoped that in the current concept of "asset activation" of the school, the identity of cultural assets is no longer a restriction and liability, but a new footing for looking into the future. After 16 weeks of intensive professional operations and repeated dialectics of concepts, students who take this course will be able to have completely different concepts and action capabilities from the past when facing cultural assets and the individual development history and management of different institutions.

課程概述 Course Description

透過對國內城鄉或島嶼聚落實際案例之歷史回顧、現況踏堪、居民訪查、社區參與、空間分析、議題討論、綜合診斷、發展定位、計畫目標、發展策略、綱要計劃、規劃配置、細部設計等,研擬研究案例再發展之最佳方案,供地方相關主政者從事城鄉空間改造建設之發展藍圖。經由建教合作之實例操作,讓學生得以更真實的體驗城鄉地域性之社會結構與空間結構特質,更投入的構思城鄉永續發展與社區總體營造之實踐模式。

Through the historical review of actual cases of urban and rural or island settlements in China, current situation visits, resident interviews, community participation, spatial analysis, issue discussions, comprehensive diagnosis, development positioning, planning goals, development strategies, outline plans, planning configurations, detailed designs, etc., the best plan for the redevelopment of the research case will be formulated to provide a development blueprint for local authorities to engage in urban and rural space transformation and construction. Through the practical operation of construction-education cooperation, students can more truly experience the social structure and spatial structure characteristics of urban and rural areas, and become more immersed in conceiving practical models for sustainable urban and rural development and overall community construction.

參考書目 Reference Books

隨堂提供

Provided with class

評分方式 Grading

評分項目
Grading Method
配分比例
Percentage
說明
Description
A. 上課出席率
A. Class attendance
20
B. 上課參與討論的熱烈程度
B. The intensity of participation in discussions in class
30
C. 專業成熟度
C. Professional Maturity
40
D. 期末CMP彙整報告對整組之貢獻
D. The contribution of the final CMP summary report to the entire group
10

授課大綱 Course Plan

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課程資訊 Course Information

基本資料 Basic Information

  • 課程代碼 Course Code: 7041
  • 學分 Credit: 6-0
  • 上課時間 Course Time:
    Monday/6,7,8,9,Thursday/2,3,4,B,6,7,8,9[系館]
  • 授課教師 Teacher:
    郭奇正
  • 修課班級 Class:
    建築碩1
  • 選課備註 Memo:
    一甲設計課。
選課狀態 Enrollment Status

目前選課人數 Current Enrollment: 2 人

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