分秒必爭，現在幾點了？現代社會的發展，時間是日常生活重要的尺度。在我們的日常生活中，從小教育的認識時鐘，學習按時間起床上課下課，到了出社會就業之後的打卡上班和績效計算，如馬克思指出，標準化時間也是生產力和價值計算的重要依據，而統一標準的時間擴大了現代社會橫跨地域的商業交易和流通規模。時間不只是分秒的計算，其象徵意涵即時間的社會性與政治性所在。現象學提出我們當下的存在，都是根據過去的經驗並藉此設想未來，進而形成我們於當下的判斷和行動，因而我們的日常就是由過去、現代、未來三個維度構成，並因為行動的社會性，使得時間也帶有社會性，因此德國哲學家Norbert Elias就指出時間是協調社會行動的重要象徵制度。時間的社會性也帶出了兩種現代社會主要的時間想像與維繫當中的政治。一個是因著現代工作時間而來的幸福、進步的線性時間觀與規範（成家立業）等等維繫了資本主義制度和異性戀親密關係的運作，而美國酷兒政治的不同時間性則對此進行了反思批判。另一個是現代性與歷史的關係，過去如何在當下被記憶與被感受，以及由記憶、感受而延伸出來的情感（例如創傷、哀悼）和未來的行動（述說、紀念），包括對於戰後與殖民的轉型正義，以及近年的懷舊與保守政治復闢，皆體現了在記憶當中的時間社會性與當中的政治。因此這門課，期待同學一起認識時間的政治性，並從其日常生活經驗與記憶，探究日常生活與時間的關係。

Every second counts, what time is it now? With the development of modern society, time is an important measure of daily life. In our daily lives, we have been taught to recognize clocks since childhood, and learned to get up and go to class on time, to clock in and work out and calculate performance after employment. As Marx pointed out, standardized time is also an important basis for productivity and value calculation, and unified standard time has expanded the scale of commercial transactions and circulation across regions in modern society. Time is not just the calculation of minutes and seconds, its symbolic meaning is the social and political nature of time. Phenomenology proposes that our current existence is based on past experiences and uses this to imagine the future, thereby forming our current judgments and actions. Therefore, our daily life is composed of three dimensions: the past, the present, and the future. Because of the social nature of action, time is also social. Therefore, the German philosopher Norbert Elias pointed out that time is an important symbolic system for coordinating social actions. The social nature of time also brings out the two main politics of time imagination and maintenance in modern society. One is that the happiness that comes from modern working hours, the progressive linear view of time and norms (having a family and starting a business), etc., maintain the operation of the capitalist system and heterosexual intimacy, and the different temporalities of American queer politics reflect on and criticize this. The other is the relationship between modernity and history, how the past is remembered and felt in the present, as well as the emotions (such as trauma, mourning) and future actions (narration, commemoration) extended from memory and feelings, including the post-war and colonial transformation justice, as well as nostalgia and conservative political restoration in recent years, all reflect the social nature of time in memory and the politics within it. Therefore, in this course, students are expected to understand the politics of time and explore the relationship between daily life and time based on their daily life experiences and memories.

鄭作彧。2010。〈時間結構的改變與當代時間政治的問題：一個時間社會學的分析〉。《台灣社會學刊》44：213-275。
小組報告：
Rosa, Harmut。2015。《加速：現代社會中時間結構的改變》。董璐譯。北京：北京大學出版社。第一章（導論）。
Elias, Norbert。2013。《論時間》。李中文譯。新北市：群學。導論、緒論。

W3 9/23 現代性與時間

Osborne, Peter。2004。《時間的政治：現代性與先鋒》。王志宏譯。北京：商務印書館。第一章、第二章。
小組報告：
Rosa, Harmut。2015。《加速：現代社會中時間結構的改變》。董璐譯。北京：北京大學出版社。第二章（導論）。
Safranski, Rudiger。2018 [2015]。《時間之書》。林宏濤譯。台北：商周。第四章（社會化的時間）、第五章（時間管理）。

W4 9/30 班雅明對現代時間的歷史反思

Benjamin, Walter。2008。〈歷史哲學論綱〉。《啟迪》。張旭東、王斑譯。北京：生活．讀書．新知三聯書店。
馬國明。2022。《班雅明》導論、第一章〈班雅明的歷史革命〉。台北：東大圖書。
小組報告：
馬國明。2022。《班雅明》第二章〈回憶與遺忘〉。台北：東大圖書。（圖書館下載電子書）
吳紹奇。2018。〈作為歷史哲學家的班雅明：論歷史哲學兼評〈歷史哲學論綱〉〉。https://commons.ln.edu.hk/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=4&article=1754&context=videos&type=additional。（第一節：此時彼刻文化研究 = Cultural studies still in the making。「2018MCS年度研討會 : 展演CROSSOVER : 香港文化研究的變奏與另類新選擇」，嶺南文化研究系主辦，香港塔冷通心靈書舍。檢自 http://commons.ln.edu.hk/videos/751。）

二、勞動與時間

W5 10/7勞動與時間

Thompson, E. P. 1967. Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism. Past & Present, 38, 56-97.
Postone, Moishe。2019。《時間、勞動與社會統治》。康凌譯。北京：北京大學出版社。第五章。
小組報告：
Harvey, David。2010。〈《資本論》，第三部分：勞動過程和剩餘價值的生產、工作日〉。《跟大衛哈維讀《資本論》》卷1。劉英譯。上海：上海譯文出版社。
Postone, Moishe。2019。《時間、勞動與社會統治》。康凌譯。北京：北京大學出版社。第八章。
影片：
SACOM富士康短片：那些年我在富士康、勞動何價：https://www.youtube.com/@sacom2005/videos
Charlie Chaplin - Factory Scene - Modern Times (1936): https://youtu.be/6n9ESFJTnHs

W6 10/14 工作、家庭、時間困境與壓力矛盾

Hochschild, Arlie。2024 [1997]。《時間困境：當工作和家庭被顛倒》。夏天、肖索未譯。北京：生活．讀書．新知三聯書店。第一部分、第15、16章。
小組報告：
威吉曼，茱蒂（Wajcman J.）。2017。《縮時社會：奪回遭科技控制的快轉人生》。王寶翔譯。新北市：新樂園，遠足文化。序、第一章、第三章。

W7 10/21 加速社會

Rosa, Harmut。2015。《加速：現代社會中時間結構的改變》。董璐譯。北京：北京大學出版社。第三章。
Rosa, Harmut。2018。《新異化的誕生：社會加速批判理論大綱》。鄭作彧譯。上海：上海人民出版社。第一章、第三章。
小組報告：
鄭作彧。2018。《社會的時間：形成、變遷與問題》。北京：社會科學文獻出版社。第五章（社會時間的加速）。
蔡宛芸、王志弘。2022。〈追逐自由的省時戰？數位中介食物外送的勞動體制〉。《台灣社會研究季刊》123（12月號）：183-235。

期中作業
W8 10/28作業書寫上傳（11/2為最後上傳期限）
W9 11/4 期中作業分享＆期末提案討論

三、關於未來

W10 11/11 幸福的未來時間
Sarah Ahmed. 2010. The Promise of Happiness. Duke University Press.
Hage, G.

Zheng Zuoyu. 2010. "Changes in Time Structure and Issues in Contemporary Time Politics: A Sociological Analysis of Time". Journal of Taiwan Sociology 44: 213-275.
Group report:
Rosa, Harmut. 2015. Acceleration: Changing Structures of Time in Modern Societies. Translated by Dong Lu. Beijing: Peking University Press. Chapter 1 (Introduction).
Elias, Norbert. 2013. "On Time". Translated by Li Chinese. New Taipei City: Qunxue. Introduction, introduction.

W3 9/23 Modernity and Time

Osborne, Peter. 2004. The Politics of Time: Modernity and the Avant-Garde. Translated by Wang Zhihong. Beijing: Commercial Press. Chapter one, chapter two.
Group report:
Rosa, Harmut. 2015. Acceleration: Changing Structures of Time in Modern Societies. Translated by Dong Lu. Beijing: Peking University Press. Chapter 2 (Introduction).
Safranski, Rudiger. 2018 [2015]. "The Book of Time". Translated by Lin Hongtao. Taipei: Shang and Zhou. Chapter 4 (Socialization Time), Chapter 5 (Time Management).

W4 9/30 Benjamin’s historical reflections on modern time

Benjamin, Walter. 2008. "Theses on the Philosophy of History". "Enlightenment". Translated by Zhang Xudong and Wang Ban. Beijing: Life. Reading. New Knowledge Sanlian Bookstore.
Ma Guoming. 2022. Introduction to "Benjamin", Chapter 1 "Benjamin's Historical Revolution". Taipei: Dongda Books.
Group report:
Ma Guoming. 2022. Chapter 2 of "Benjamin" "Memory and Forgetting". Taipei: Dongda Books. (Library download e-book)
Wu Shaoqi. 2018. "Benjamin as a Philosopher of History: On the Philosophy of History and Commentary on "Theses on the Philosophy of History". https://commons.ln.edu.hk/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=4&article=1754&context=videos&type=additional. (Section 1: Cultural Studies of Now and Then = Cultural studies still in the making. "2018MCS Annual Seminar: Performance CROSSOVER: Variations and Alternative New Choices of Hong Kong Cultural Studies", hosted by the Department of Lingnan Cultural Studies, Taleng Tong Soul Bookstore, Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://commons.ln.edu.hk/videos/751.)

2. Labor and time

W5 10/7 Labor and Time

Thompson, E. P. 1967. Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism. Past & Present, 38, 56-97.
Postone, Moishe. 2019. "Time, Labor and Social Domination". Translated by Kang Ling. Beijing: Peking University Press. Chapter 5.
Group report:
Harvey, David. 2010. "Das Kapital, Part 3: Labor Process and Production of Surplus Value, Working Day". "Reading Capital with David Harvey" Volume 1. Translated by Liu Ying. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House.
Postone, Moishe. 2019. "Time, Labor and Social Domination". Translated by Kang Ling. Beijing: Peking University Press. Chapter 8.
Video:
SACOM Foxconn short film: During those years when I was at Foxconn, what was the price of labor: https://www.youtube.com/@sacom2005/videos
Charlie Chaplin - Factory Scene - Modern Times (1936): https://youtu.be/6n9ESFJTnHs

W6 10/14 Work, family, time dilemmas and pressure conflicts

Hochschild, Arlie. 2024 [1997]. "The Time Dilemma: When Work and Family Are Reversed." Xia Xia and Xiao Suo have not translated. Beijing: Life. Reading. New Knowledge Sanlian Bookstore. Part One, Chapters 15 and 16.
Group report:
Wajcman J.. 2017. "Time-lapse Society: Taking Back the Fast-forward Life Controlled by Technology". Translated by Wang Baoxiang. New Taipei City: New paradise, hiking culture. Preface, Chapter 1, Chapter 3.

W7 10/21 Accelerating Society

Rosa, Harmut. 2015. Acceleration: Changing Structures of Time in Modern Societies. Translated by Dong Lu. Beijing: Peking University Press. Chapter Three.
Rosa, Harmut. 2018. The Birth of a New Alienation: An Outline of a Critical Theory of Social Acceleration. Translated by Zheng Zuoyu. Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House. Chapter One, Chapter Three.
Group report:
Zheng Zuoyu. 2018. "Social Time: Formation, Change and Problems." Beijing: Social Sciences Literature Press. Chapter 5 (The Acceleration of Social Time).
Cai Wanyun, Wang Zhihong. 2022. 〈A time-saving battle to pursue freedom? The labor system of digital intermediary food delivery. "Taiwan Social Research Quarterly" 123 (December issue): 183-235.

Midterm assignment
W8 10/28 Assignment writing and uploading (11/2 is the last upload deadline)
W9 11/4 Midterm homework sharing & final proposal discussion

3. About the future

W10 11/11 Happy future time
Sarah Ahmed. 2010. The Promise of Happiness. Duke University Press.
Hage, G.