「《性史》處理的是意識的發生史，即作為『欲望的自我意識的主體』的發生史。」
-- Pierre Bourdieu弔念傅柯所撰：〈自由的思想〉（Une libre pensée，1984）
傅柯在1970年被任命為法蘭西公學院（Collège de France）思想體系史（Histoire des systèmes de pensée）講座教授之後，自1970年代起，經常至美國加州柏克萊等大學進行短暫的講課，美國的體驗對傅柯的研究方向帶來了重大的轉折。在這段時間，傅柯著手研究西方文化中關於性的歷史，展開預定出版六卷《性史》（Histoire de la sexualité）的龐大撰寫計畫。傅柯於1976年出版了《性史第一卷：知識的意志》（La Volonté de savoir）；原本預定的題名其實是《性與真理》（Sexe et la vérité），後來之所以改名為《知識的意志》，一方面刻意向尼采的《權力意志》（The Will to Power / Der Wille zur Macht）致敬，另一方面「知識的意志」也是傅柯在法蘭西公學院第一年的講座主題。在《性史》中，傅柯結合了《知識考古學》的考古學方法以及《規訓與懲罰》採用的系譜學方法，先描述後反省了所謂的「性壓抑假說」，即「西方文明中的性的歷史同時也就是性壓抑的歷史」這樣的觀點。傅柯認為，西方文明中的性壓抑論述乃伴隨著對性的更多觀點與討論的持續出現，因此，性的歷史既非性壓抑的歷史，也不是性解放的歷史；而是，在現代西方文明中，某種作為『「性」的「體驗」』被持續建構出來。傅柯主張，「性作為體驗」這樣的概念，在十九世紀以前幾乎未曾出現過，而是相當晚近的發明。在傅柯過世的那一年，1984年出版了《性史第二卷：快感的使用》（L'Usage des plaisirs），裏頭呈現的預計出版資料中，傅柯已經安排了接下來要出版《性史第三卷：自我的關照》（Le Souci de soi）（1984）和《性史第四卷：肉身的告白》（Les Aveux de la chair）（2018）。傅柯將性視為一種歷史上的「獨特體驗」來探討，所要從事的正是「欲望主體的系譜學研究」。儘管性史的研究計劃在1984年戛然而止，然而，「欲望主體」的歷史至今仍持續書寫。
"The History of Sex deals with the history of consciousness, that is, the history of the occurrence of "the subject of the self-consciousness of desire."
-- Pierre Bourdieu, written by Fu Ke: "The Thought of Freedom" (Une libre pensée, 1984)
After being appointed as a lecturer at the Histoire des systèmes de pensée in 1970, he often went to universities such as Berkle, California, USA for short lectures since the 1970s. The experience in the United States has brought a significant turn to the research direction of Fu Ke. During this period, Fu Ke began to study the history of sex in Western culture, and developed a plan to publish the six volumes of Histoire de la sexualité. In 1976, Fu Ke published "The First History of Sex: The Will of Knowledge" (La Volonté de savoir); the original title was actually "Sexe et la vérité", which was later renamed "The Will of Knowledge" (On the One hand, it deliberately paid tribute to Nietzsche's "The Will to Power / Der Wille zur Macht), and on the other hand, "The Will of Knowledge" was also the theme of Fu Ke's lecture in the first year at the Franciscan School of Public Affairs. In "History of Sex", Fu Ke combined the archaeological methods of "Knowledge Archaeology" and the systematic methods used in "Regulations and Punishment", first described and then reflected on the so-called "sexual pressure suppression hypothesis", that is, "the history of sexual pressure in Western civilization is also the history of sexual pressure". Fu Ke believes that the sexual stress theory in Western civilization is accompanied by the continuous emergence of more views on sex and discussions. Therefore, the history of sex is neither the history of sexual stress nor the history of sexual liberation; rather, in modern Western civilization, a certain "body experience" as "sex" has been continuously constructed. Fu Ke suggested that the concept of "sexuality as body experience" has hardly appeared before the 19th century, but is a relatively recent invention. In the year when Fu Ke passed away, in 1984, "L'Usage des plains" was published. Among the planned publication data presented in the head, Fu Ke has arranged for the next publication of "Le Souci de soi" (1984) and "Les Aveux de la chair) (2018). Fu Ke explored sexual perception as a historical "unique experience", and what he wanted to do was "a research on the subject of desire." Although the study of sexual history came to an abrupt end in 1984, the history of "desire subject" is still being written today.
指定閱讀
《性史第一卷：知識的意志》，林志明譯，2022，麥田。
《性史第二卷：快感的使用》，林志明譯，2024，麥田。
其他參考閱讀
《傅柯》，Didier Eribon著，尉遲秀譯，2022，春山出版。
《傅柯的多重人生》，David Macey著，陳信宏譯，2023，春山出版。
《傅柯—超越結構主義與詮釋學》，德雷弗斯、拉比諾著，錢俊譯，初版三刷，2011，桂冠圖書公司。
《德勒茲論傅柯》，德勒茲著，楊凱麟譯，2000，麥田。
《傅柯考》，Frédéric Gros著，何乏筆、楊凱麟、龔卓鈞譯，2006，麥田。
《傅柯：危險哲學家》，Alain Brossat著，羅惠珍譯，2012，麥田。
《哲學家傅柯的公寓》，Mathieu Lindon著，吳宗遠譯，2018，商周
Designated reading
"History of Sex Volume 1: The Will of Knowledge", Lin Zhiming, 2022, Maitian.
"Sex History Volume 2: Use of Pleasure", Lin Zhiming Lu, 2024, Maitian.
Other reference reading
"Fu Ke", written by Didier Eribon, translated by Wei Xu, 2022, published by Chunshan.
"Fu Ke's Multiple Life", written by David Macey, translated by Chen Xin, 2023, published by Chunshan.
"Fu Ke - Beyond Structural Ideology and Explanation", written by Dreyfus and Rabino, translated by Money Jun, the first edition of the third edition, 2011, La Liga Book Company.
"Delez's Commentary on Fooke", written by Delez, translated by Yang Kailin, 2000, Maitian.
"Fu Kekao", written by Frédéric Gros, translated by He Xiaoying, Yang Kailin, and Huang Zhizhuo, 2006, Maitian.
"Fu Ke: A Philosopher of Danger", written by Alain Brossat, translated by Luo Hui, 2012, Maitian.
"The Apartment of the Philosopher Fu Ke", by Mathieu Lindon, Translated by Wu Zong, 2018, Shang and Zhou dynasties
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 出席與課堂討論出席與課堂討論 Attendance and class discussion |
20 | |
| 每週閱讀Memos 每週閱讀Memos Read Memos every week |
40 | |
| 導讀導讀 Read |
40 |
