一、社會領域的課程目標：在於啟發學生能夠承認差異，願意肯定自我、欣賞他人與尊重差異。
二、本課程目標：探討當代思想家傅柯的《不正常的人》一書。課程核心思考重點立基於三個面向：（一）傅柯及其《不正常的人》做為社會思想經典的時代背景為何；（二）傅柯及其《不正常的人》做為社會思想經典的特色為何：（三）傅柯及其《不正常的人》做為經典何以經得起歷史考驗。
什麼是正常、不正常，什麼是常態、病態？這些概念怎麼形成，它們的區辨判準為何，更重要的是這些判準是怎麼產生的，在區辨劃異的操作下又造成什麼效果？常態/正常成為一種強制性，同時也具區分性和排除性，對異常、變態、失序的區別、篩選、裁決和排除。亦即進行常態管理和控制，因為這些非於常態的都被視為是常態分佈和常理掌握之外的例外、偏歧、錯誤、突變，構成了對醫學、生物學、身體體型、審美標準、感官習性、分類秩序甚至法律概念的挑戰和干擾，因而被視為一種威脅和危險，更需要被懲罰、矯正、治療和監管。但也正是透過常態的判準生產和分類操作，才得以召喚、製造出非於常態的一切物事，俾能將身體、生命納入治理的範圍，同時也展示並強化統治的力量。每一歷史階段和社會都會塑造出這類做為治理技術操練對象的群類，瘋子、痲瘋病患、陰陽人、歇斯底里症女人、精神病患、殘疾者，甚至無生產力者、社會偏差者都可能納入不正常範圍。
傅柯於1975年法蘭西學院的演講《不正常的人》，正是試圖從歷史脈絡回答上述問題。傅柯從歷史發展過程中找出三類不正常的人，自古羅馬時代即有的畸形人，十七、十八世紀的需要改造的人以及十八世紀末手淫的兒童。這三類人到了十九世紀被建構為不正常的人。它的形成與整個制度和一系列監視和分配機制有關，同時也發展出各自不同的干預策略、管理機制和操作技術。
這三種人在十九世紀末被建構為不正常的人，成為社會的危險，也成為法律、教育、醫學、精神病學的知識和權力客體，這些機構共同承擔保衛社會責任，對付來自不正常人的危險。不正常人乃成為一系列權力技術和知識的對象。傅柯《不正常的人》要探討的正是：規範化/常態化權力如何出現、它的形成以及它得以安置的方式，它從不只依靠一種制度，通過各種方式，最終在不同的制度中建立起來，在我們社會中擴展了它的統治權。
1. Course objectives in the social field: to create students’ ability to acknowledge differences, be willing to affirm themselves, appreciate others and respect differences.
2. The purpose of this course: Explore the book "Abnormal People" by contemporary thinker Fu Ke. The core thinking of the course is based on three aspects: (1) What is the historical background of Fu Ke and his "Abnormal People" as a classic social thought; (2) Fu Ke and his "Abnormal People" as a social thought What are the characteristics of classics: (III) How can Fu Ke and his "Abnormal People" be able to afford historical examinations as classics?
What is normal and abnormal, what is normal and disease? How are these concepts formed, what are their regional judgments, and more importantly, how are these judgments produced, and what effect will they have caused under the differentiated operation? Regularity/normality is a kind of force, and at the same time it is also divided and excluded, distinguishing, filtering, deciding and excluding abnormal, changing, and disorderly. That is, to carry out normal management and control, because these non-normal cases are considered exceptions, deviations, errors, and sudden changes beyond the normal distribution and common sense, forming medical, biology, body shape, and aesthetic standards. Challenges and interferences in sensory, classification order and even legal concepts are therefore regarded as a threat and danger, and need to be punished, corrected, cured and supervised. But it is also through the normal judgment of production and classification operations that we can call on and create everything that is not normal, so that the body and life can be included in the scope of governance, and at the same time, we can also demonstrate and strengthen the power of governance. Every historical stage and society will shape this group of people who are used as the target of governance technology practice, such as crazy, erectile dysfunction, hysterical women, mental patients, ill people, even those without production, and those with social deviations. It may be included in an abnormal range.
Fu Ke's speech "The Unusual People" at the French Academy in 1975 was a trial of answering the above questions from the historical perspective. From the development of history, Fu Ke found three types of abnormal people, some deformed people who have been in the Roman era since ancient times, those in need of transformation in the seventeenth and eighteenth century, and children who masturbate in the eighteenth century. These three types of people were constructed as abnormal people in the 19th century. Its formation is related to the entire system and a series of monitoring and distribution mechanisms, and at the same time, it has also developed its own different operating strategies, management mechanisms and operating technologies.
These three people were constructed as abnormal people at the end of the 19th century, became social dangers, and also intellectual and power objects in law, education, medicine, and psychiatry. These institutions jointly undertake the protection of social responsibility and deal with abnormal people. danger. Abnormal people become objects of a series of power technologies and knowledge. What Fu Ke wants to explore in "Abnormal People" is exactly how the standardization/normal power appears, its formation and the way it can be placed. It never relies on one system, through various methods, and finally established in different systems. Above, it has expanded its rule in our society.
Foucault, Michael，《不正常的Foucault, Michael，《不正常的人：法蘭西學院演講系列，1974~1975》(Abnormal)（上海：上海人民出版社，2003）人：法蘭西學院演講系列，1974~1975》(Abnormal)（上海：上海人民出版社，2003）
Foucault, Michael, "Abnormal Foucault, Michael, "Abnormal: The lecture series of the Française Academy, 1974~1975" (Abnormal) (Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2003) People: The lecture series of the Française Academy, 1974~1975 》(Abnormal) (Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2003)
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂報告和出席課堂報告和出席 Class Reports and Attendance |
30 | 課程以講授和討論方式進行，每週安排同學負責閱讀材料之摘要報告，和閱讀心得，並提出問題。每週點名，出席率列入平時成績計算。 |
| 平時作業平時作業 Normal operation |
25 | 每位同學需就各週之指定教材，任選四篇撰寫閱讀心得，期中考前和期末考前各繳二篇，每篇A4一頁左右書面繳交。切勿缺繳。 |
| 彈性學習彈性學習 Flexibility Learning |
5 | 自主學習 |
| 期中/期末考試 期中/期末考試 Midterm/final exam |
40 | (分數各佔20%)申論題，非開放考試。 |
