對現代社會來說，「企業」是不可或缺的要素，企業不僅是一種追求效率的經濟組織，更形成了現代社會的基礎結構（infra-structure），是人們日常生活所需的主要提供者。在戰後，臺灣企業蓬勃發展，帶動臺灣經濟向上提升。可以說，「企業」這個議題，對臺灣社會的總體發展，有它的重要性與時代性。
第二次世界大戰之後，隨著政府實施幣制改革、土地改革、四年經濟建設計劃，以及1950年代美援的恢復，臺灣經濟開始蓬勃發展。臺灣在政府政策的推行，以及在日本和臺灣在地貿易商的牽頭之下，大量的國際品牌訂單來到臺灣，創造促使中小企業得以成長的經濟環境，而臺灣中小企業也把握住了機會，接下了來自國際市場的訂單，快速崛起成為製造國際品牌商品的重要生產者。在1960年代越南戰爭及臺灣出口導向政策的拉動下，許多加工出口區陸續設立，成功的吸引外來投資、拓展外銷、增加國內就業以及引進新技術。在1980年代後，「產業升級」成為政策核心，並推動高科技政策，促進密集工業發展，而在這一系列的發展過程中，作為關鍵行動者的企業扮演了重要角色。
有鑑於企業在戰後臺灣社會變遷中的重大影響力，社會學家Gary G. Hamilton和高承恕教授分析了臺灣企業與社會之間的關係，提出了他們的觀察。首先，他們指出持續組織化的彈性協力網絡是臺灣企業運作的核心所在，而彈性協力網絡這一個具在地特色的商業網絡是立基在「關係」之上，漢人的商業網絡是一種特別的「關係」，此種「關係」是深深地根植在社會制度中，而非企業或是市場，此種「關係」也是一種不斷組織化的過程，最重要的是，漢人的商業網絡是一種關係紐帶的表達、是一種社交禮儀的事情，多過於制度結構以及對組織邊界的表明。第二，他們指出在世界經濟中，臺商具有高度的靈活性，Hamilton和高承恕教授用英文諺語「Turing on a Dime」指出臺商這一特性，從電腦製造業的興起中臺商所扮演的角色，可以看到這一特性，臺灣企業從替IBM代工電腦零件開始的過程中，逐步學習如何去提升產品的品質，與此同時，許多電子零件的供應商（包含電視機、電子遊戲機製造商）因此逐漸掌握了電腦製造的知識，為他們後來進軍電腦製造業奠定了基礎。臺商藉由模仿製作國外的電腦產品的機會自我學習，掌握了電腦製造的知識，以及不創立品牌，而是成為國際電腦品牌的主要合作夥伴廠商，臺灣電子產業成功在世界經濟中有了一席之地。最後，Hamilton和高承恕教授透過長時段的研究尺度，分析了「臺灣經濟與社會」的巨大轉型，在1965年之後，「美國製造」逐漸地被「東亞製造」所取代，臺灣企業也就在這段時期累積自身實力，到了1985年的廣場協議後，當臺灣企業迫於形勢轉進中國大陸和東南亞時，許多臺灣企業仍順利地存續（也有許多企業退場），與前面二十年的累積有著密切的關係。
本課程主要希望帶同學了解臺灣經濟與社會的變遷過程，以此對近代臺灣企業的形成與其在社會中的地位有所探討，換言之，本課程期望可以幫助學習者深入了解在臺灣經濟與社會發展的歷史脈絡中，企業在臺灣社會中的影響力及其所扮演的角色。For modern society, "enterprise" is an indispensable element. Enterprises are not only an economic organization that pursues efficiency, but also form the basic structure of modern society and are the main providers needed for people's daily lives. After the war, Taiwanese enterprises have flourished, driving Taiwan's economy to improve. It can be said that the "enterprise" issue has its importance and contemporary nature to the overall development of Taiwanese society.
After the Second World War, Taiwan's economy began to flourish with the government's implementation of currency reform, land reform, a four-year economic development plan, and the recovery of U.S. aid in the 1950s. With the implementation of government policies and the reincarnation of local traders in Japan and Taiwan, a large number of international brand orders have come to Taiwan, creating an economic environment that promotes the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises. Taiwan’s small and medium-sized enterprises have also seized the opportunity, taken over orders from the international market, and quickly rose to become an important producer of international brand products. Driven by the Vietnam War in the 1960s and Taiwan's export-oriented policies, many processing and export zones have been continuously established, successfully attracting foreign investment, expanding foreign sales, increasing domestic employment and introducing new technologies. After the 1980s, "industry upgrade" became the core of policy, and promoted high-tech policies and promoted intensive industrial development. In this series of development processes, enterprises as key actors played an important role.
In view of the significant impact of enterprises in the post-war Taiwan society changes, social scientists Gary G. Hamilton and Professor Gao Chengshu analyzed the relationship between Taiwanese enterprises and society and put forward their observations. First of all, they pointed out that the continuous organizational flexible cooperation network is the core of Taiwan's corporate operations, and the flexible cooperation network, a local business network is based on "relationships". Han people's business network is a special "relationship", and this kind of "relationship" is deeply rooted. Rooted in the social system, not in the enterprise or market, this kind of "relationship" is also a process of continuous organization. Most importantly, Han people's business network is a relationship expression and a social gift, mostly based on the system structure and the indication of the organizational border. Second, they pointed out that in the world economy, Taiwanese businesses are highly flexible, and Professor Hamilton and Gao Chengshu said in English "Turing on a Dime pointed out this feature of Taiwanese companies. From the rise of computer manufacturing, we can see this feature. Taiwanese companies gradually learn how to improve the quality of products from the process of manufacturing computer parts for IBM. At the same time, many suppliers of electronic parts (including TV machines and electronic game machine manufacturers) have gradually mastered the knowledge of computer manufacturing, laying the foundation for them to enter the military computer manufacturing industry later. Taiwanese electronics have successfully gained a place in the world economy by imitating the opportunity to make foreign computer products. Finally, through long-term research scales, Professor Hamilton and Professor Gao Chengshu analyzed the huge transformation of "Taiwan economy and society". After 1965, "Made in the United States" was gradually replaced by "Made in East Asia", and Taiwanese enterprises were also in this section. During the period, it accumulated its own strength. After the 1985 Global Agreement, when Taiwanese enterprises were forced to transform into mainland China and Southeast Asia, many Taiwanese enterprises continued smoothly (and many companies withdrew), which was closely related to the accumulation in the previous twenty years.
This course mainly hopes to bring students to understand the changing process of Taiwan's economy and society, so as to explore the formation of modern Taiwanese enterprises and their status in society. In other words, this course hopes to help learners to deeply understand the impact of enterprises in Taiwan's society and their role in Taiwan's economic and social development.
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| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂出席課堂出席 Class attendance |
20 | 每週點名 |
| 課堂心得課堂心得 Classroom experience |
50 | 共繳交五份，每人每份至少800字。 |
| 期末報告期末報告 Final report |
30 | 從《香港製造：跨太平洋網絡與全球化新史》和《打造創新路徑：改變世界的台灣科技產業》二本著作中擇一撰寫書評，每人每份至少2400字。（含彈性學習） |
