對現代社會來說，「企業」是不可或缺的要素，企業不僅是一種追求效率的經濟組織，更形成了現代社會的基礎結構（infra-structure），是人們日常生活所需的主要提供者。在戰後，臺灣企業蓬勃發展，帶動臺灣經濟向上提升。可以說，「企業」這個議題，對臺灣社會的總體發展，有它的重要性與時代性。

第二次世界大戰之後，隨著政府實施幣制改革、土地改革、四年經濟建設計劃，以及1950年代美援的恢復，臺灣經濟開始蓬勃發展。臺灣在政府政策的推行，以及在日本和臺灣在地貿易商的牽頭之下，大量的國際品牌訂單來到臺灣，創造促使中小企業得以成長的經濟環境，而臺灣中小企業也把握住了機會，接下了來自國際市場的訂單，快速崛起成為製造國際品牌商品的重要生產者。在1960年代越南戰爭及臺灣出口導向政策的拉動下，許多加工出口區陸續設立，成功的吸引外來投資、拓展外銷、增加國內就業以及引進新技術。在1980年代後，「產業升級」成為政策核心，並推動高科技政策，促進密集工業發展，而在這一系列的發展過程中，作為關鍵行動者的企業扮演了重要角色。

有鑑於企業在戰後臺灣社會變遷中的重大影響力，社會學家Gary G. Hamilton和高承恕教授分析了臺灣企業與社會之間的關係，提出了他們的觀察。首先，他們指出持續組織化的彈性協力網絡是臺灣企業運作的核心所在，而彈性協力網絡這一個具在地特色的商業網絡是立基在「關係」之上，漢人的商業網絡是一種特別的「關係」，此種「關係」是深深地根植在社會制度中，而非企業或是市場，此種「關係」也是一種不斷組織化的過程，最重要的是，漢人的商業網絡是一種關係紐帶的表達、是一種社交禮儀的事情，多過於制度結構以及對組織邊界的表明。第二，他們指出在世界經濟中，臺商具有高度的靈活性，Hamilton和高承恕教授用英文諺語「Turing on a Dime」指出臺商這一特性，從電腦製造業的興起中臺商所扮演的角色，可以看到這一特性，臺灣企業從替IBM代工電腦零件開始的過程中，逐步學習如何去提升產品的品質，與此同時，許多電子零件的供應商（包含電視機、電子遊戲機製造商）因此逐漸掌握了電腦製造的知識，為他們後來進軍電腦製造業奠定了基礎。臺商藉由模仿製作國外的電腦產品的機會自我學習，掌握了電腦製造的知識，以及不創立品牌，而是成為國際電腦品牌的主要合作夥伴廠商，臺灣電子產業成功在世界經濟中有了一席之地。最後，Hamilton和高承恕教授透過長時段的研究尺度，分析了「臺灣經濟與社會」的巨大轉型，在1965年之後，「美國製造」逐漸地被「東亞製造」所取代，臺灣企業也就在這段時期累積自身實力，到了1985年的廣場協議後，當臺灣企業迫於形勢轉進中國大陸和東南亞時，許多臺灣企業仍順利地存續（也有許多企業退場），與前面二十年的累積有著密切的關係。

本課程主要希望帶同學了解臺灣經濟與社會的變遷過程，以此對近代臺灣企業的形成與其在社會中的地位有所探討，換言之，本課程期望可以幫助學習者深入了解在臺灣經濟與社會發展的歷史脈絡中，企業在臺灣社會中的影響力及其所扮演的角色。

For modern society, "enterprise" is an indispensable element. Enterprises are not only an economic organization that pursues efficiency, but also form the infrastructure of modern society and are the main providers of people's daily needs. After the war, Taiwanese enterprises flourished, driving Taiwan's economy upward. It can be said that the issue of "enterprise" has its importance and contemporary nature to the overall development of Taiwanese society.

After World War II, Taiwan's economy began to boom as the government implemented currency reform, land reform, a four-year economic construction plan, and the resumption of U.S. aid in the 1950s. Thanks to the implementation of Taiwan's government policies and the leadership of local traders from Japan and Taiwan, a large number of international brand orders have come to Taiwan, creating an economic environment that promotes the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises. Taiwan's small and medium-sized enterprises have also seized the opportunity, accepted orders from the international market, and quickly emerged as important producers of international brand goods. Driven by the Vietnam War and Taiwan's export-oriented policies in the 1960s, many export processing zones were established one after another, successfully attracting foreign investment, expanding export sales, increasing domestic employment, and introducing new technologies. After the 1980s, "industrial upgrading" became the core of policy, promoting high-tech policies and promoting intensive industrial development. In this series of development processes, enterprises, as key actors, played an important role.

In view of the significant influence of enterprises in the social changes in post-war Taiwan, sociologists Gary G. Hamilton and Professor Gao Chengshu analyzed the relationship between Taiwanese enterprises and society and put forward their observations. First of all, they pointed out that the continuously organized flexible collaboration network is the core of Taiwanese enterprise operations, and the flexible collaboration network, a business network with local characteristics, is based on "relationships". The business network of the Han people is a special "relationship", and this "relationship" is deeply rooted in Rooted in the social system rather than enterprises or markets, this "relationship" is also a process of continuous organization. The most important thing is that the Han business network is an expression of relationship ties and a matter of social etiquette, rather than an institutional structure and an indication of organizational boundaries. Second, they pointed out that in the world economy, Taiwanese businessmen have a high degree of flexibility. Professor Hamilton and Professor Gao Chengshu used the English proverb "Turing on a Dime" pointed out this characteristic of Taiwanese companies. This characteristic can be seen from the role of Taiwanese companies in the rise of the computer manufacturing industry. Taiwanese companies gradually learned how to improve the quality of their products when they started manufacturing computer parts for IBM. At the same time, many suppliers of electronic parts (including manufacturers of televisions and electronic game consoles) gradually mastered the knowledge of computer manufacturing, laying the foundation for their later entry into the computer manufacturing industry. Taiwanese businessmen learned on their own by imitating the production of foreign computer products, mastered the knowledge of computer manufacturing, and became the main partner manufacturer of international computer brands without creating a brand. Taiwan's electronics industry has successfully gained a place in the world economy. Finally, Hamilton and Professor Kao Cheng-shu analyzed the huge transformation of "Taiwan's economy and society" through a long-term research scale. After 1965, "Made in the United States" was gradually replaced by "Made in East Asia". During this period, Taiwanese companies During this period, we accumulated our own strength. After the Plaza Accord in 1985, when Taiwanese companies were forced to move to mainland China and Southeast Asia due to the situation, many Taiwanese companies still survived smoothly (and many companies withdrew), which is closely related to the accumulation in the previous two decades.

This course mainly hopes to help students understand the changing process of Taiwan's economy and society, so as to explore the formation of modern Taiwanese enterprises and their status in society. In other words, this course hopes to help learners gain a deeper understanding of the influence and role of enterprises in Taiwanese society in the historical context of Taiwan's economic and social development.

Hamilton, Gary G.、Kao, Cheng-Shu（高承恕）, 2017, Making Money: How Taiwanese Industrialists Embraced the Global Economy. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

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