本課程考慮如何對因果關係進行理論思考。修課同學應注意：目前的課程規劃仍有可能變動，具體課程內容與評分方式將以第一堂課上的說明為準，因此同學務必出席第一堂課。按照目前規劃，我們主要依據 Stuart Glennan 介紹因果關係的著作來檢視因果關係。「因果關係」是哲學中最為重要的概念之一；不只有許多哲學家嘗試建立關於因果關係的理論，也有許多哲學家將自己關懷的議題對比於因果關係，藉以凸顯自身學說的特色。舉例來說，在釐清現象學為何時，一種作法是將現象學對比於自然主義 (naturalism)，並主張後者犯下的錯誤之一是「混淆⋯⋯規範上與因果上的規制」(conflation... of normative and causal regulation)。* 更廣泛地說，因果關係對日常生活與科學研究都極為重要。我們在意日常生活中的事件為何會發生，也在意研究中觀察到的現象成因為何。然而，無論就形上學、知識論、倫理學的角度而言，因果關係都帶來複雜的概念挑戰。舉例來說，因果關係與必然性及機率的關係為何？什麼樣的證據是因果關係存在的證據？法律上的責任歸屬常需要因果關係，但我們應如何理解涉及行動的因果關係？在本課程中，我們將探索如何回應因果關係帶來的概念挑戰。
* Dan Zahavi 2017, Husserl's Legacy: Phenomenology, Metaphysics, and Transcendental Philosophy, p.144. Oxford: Oxford University Press.This course considers how to think about causal relationships. Students in the course should note: the current course planning may still change, and the specific course content and rating methods will be based on the explanation in the first class, so students must attend the first class. According to the current planning, we mainly look at causal relationships based on Stuart Glennan's work on causal relationships. "Cause and effect relationship" is one of the most important concepts in philosophy; not only many philosophers try to establish theories about causal relationships, but also many philosophers compare their own issues with causal relationships to highlight the characteristics of their own learning. For example, when clarifying the phenomenon, one approach is to compare phenomenon to naturalism and to provoke the latter's mistakes is "conflation...the regulation and causality". .. of normal and causeal regulation). * To put it more broadly, causal relationships are extremely important for daily life and scientific research. We care about why events in our daily lives occur, and what are the causes of phenomena observed in our research. However, no matter from the perspective of metaphysics, intellectual theory, and ethics, causal relationships all bring complex conceptual challenges. For example, what is the relationship between causality and inevitability and chance? What kind of evidence is a evidence of the existence of a causal relationship? Legal responsibility often requires causal relationships, but how should we understand causal relationships involving actions? In this course, we will explore how to respond to conceptual challenges posed by causal relationships.
* Dan Zahavi 2017, Husserl's Legacy: Phenomenology, Metaphysics, and Transcendental Philosophy, p.144. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Glennan, Stuart. 2024. Causation: The Basics. New York: Routledge.
Glen Male, Stuart. 2024. causation: the basics. New York: R out multiple.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 期中考期中考 Midterm exam |
30 | |
| 期末考期末考 Final exam |
30 | |
| 出席出席 Attend |
10 |
