哲學史可以作為歷史或作為哲學被研究。當哲學史作為歷史被研究，它是思想史的一部分，是關於具有哲學性的思想的歷史。當哲學史作為哲學被研究 (studying the history of philosophy as philosophy)，我們是透過閱讀歷史上有影響力的哲學家的著作，去探討他們對於重要的哲學問題的主張和論證。研究哲學是研究哲學問題 (philosophical problems)，不是思想史，因此，這門課關心的是在過去哲學家對於重要的哲學問題的回答，哲學史為解決這些哲學問題提供資源。在這個意義下，這門課探討 Hobbes、Locke、Berkeley、Hume、Mill、Russell、和 Ayer 對於重要的哲學問題的回答，而這些問題是關於心靈、語言、理性、科學、先天觀念、物體、數、因果關係、歸納法、知識、自由、和人格同一等。在歷史上，這些哲學家被稱為英國經驗論者，很大略地，他們共同地辯護這樣的一個主張：沒有先驗的形上的知識，所有的概念都來自於經驗。除非有經驗知識，否則我們沒有任何知識。The history of philosophy can be studied as history or as philosophy. When the history of philosophy is studied as history, it is part of the history of ideas, the history of ideas that are philosophical. When studying the history of philosophy as philosophy, we read the works of influential philosophers in history to explore their claims and arguments on important philosophical issues. Studying philosophy is about studying philosophical problems, not the history of ideas. Therefore, this course is concerned with the answers to important philosophical questions by philosophers in the past, and the history of philosophy provides resources for solving these philosophical problems. In this sense, this course explores the answers of Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Mill, Russell, and Ayer to important philosophical questions about mind, language, reason, science, innate ideas, objects, and numbers. , causation, induction, knowledge, freedom, and identity of personality. Historically, these philosophers were known as the British empiricists, and they collectively defended the claim that there is no a priori metaphysical knowledge and that all concepts come from experience. We have no knowledge unless we have empirical knowledge.
Priest, Stephen. The British Empiricists. Routledge, 2008.
priest, Stephen. the British empiricists. R out multiple, 2008.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂參與課堂參與 class participation |
20 | 請多參與討論。 |
| 課堂口頭報告課堂口頭報告 Class oral report |
35 | 約25分鐘。 |
| 期末論文期末論文 Final paper |
35 | 約5000字。 |
| 自主學習 (第17、18週) 自主學習 (第17、18週) Independent Learning (Weeks 17 and 18) |
10 | 自主學習。 |
