一、人文領域的課程目標：在於啟發學生美的鑑賞與願意為善的藝術涵養。
二、本課程目標：探討西方城市文明典範：《文明中的城市》。城市如何成為文化、藝術、創新的典範空間是課程核心思考重點，其討論立基於三個面向：（一）城市文明典範的時代背景；（二）城市文明典範的特色：（三）城市文明典範何以經得起歷史考驗。
城市乃肉身之所在，情意之所牽，記憶之所繫，人之所存有，社會之所構成，其所結晶乃人類之文明。城市本身就是身體書寫的歴史空間，是人類以感官和身體經驗為主軸所具體化的文明空間。因此，人，作為一種城市人，我們該如何思考人與城市關係，人如何存有於城市，城市如何書寫歴史，人與城市又如何共構人類文明。或者我們如何從城市角度思考人的生存方式和文化風格，思考城市的生存美學，城市的文明性格以及讓其可成的城市創意實踐。從歴史縱深思考這一問題：城市，如何創造人類文明的空間，如何形成文化創意匯聚的空間，正是本課程關注之所在。
概覧城市發展，人類進入農耕時期，開啟定耕定居的大規模群聚的生計和生活方式，城市在六千年前應然而生。城市伴隨農業成為人類群居空間，城市也誕生共和城邦，最早的民主空間，城市在中世紀歐洲則作為防禦外敵的堡壘而成為諸小國，城市更是促進經貿繁盛的市場交換空間，而城市的自由空氣更是吸引外來人口，匯聚人才的空間。在城市裡人類如何生息，如何感知，如何愛恨，如何情思，如何用身體在城市空間創作每一時代獨特的風格和靈韻，從而結晶出不同時期輝煌燦爛的文化藝術和促動人類生活躍昇的物質技術。當代知名城市規劃史家彼得•霍爾(Peter Hal））即指出，城市是文化的熔爐，在文明發展的各個階段城市扮演了重要角色。從古到今，城市成為文化變遷、經濟發展、藝術創新、空間規劃進步、技術更迭飛躍的場域。另一位知名城市史家芒福德(Mumford )則提出城市史就是文明史，城市凝聚了文明的力量與文化，保存了社會遺產。如建築和藝術即展現城市的發展和進步，也表達了人類的各種概念和情思。
因此，我們將進入城市文明史，深入閱讀城市做為文化生產空間其遞嬗變遷的這份歷史紀錄。城市文明的探討自芒福德經典的《歷史中的城市》》(The City in History)一書以降，當代最具企圖，最具系統和全面性爬梳城市歷史變遷，城市與文明發展關係的城市文明史著作當推著名的英國城市文明史家和城市規劃學者彼得•霍爾的《文明中的城市》(Cities in Civilization)一書。此書穿梭人類歷史三千年，尋找西方城市文明的典範類型，一方面，作者博識旁徵史料，細述每個典範城市獨特的文化經典樣貌和創生變遷過程，透過這些城市，我們得以見證每個歷史時期不同經濟、社會、政治條件下思想、生活方式的演變和科技的創新發明及其型塑出的城市獨特城市空間樣貌；另一面，作者更試圖解釋這些曾經締造盛世輝煌「黃金時代」的城市其創造力和創意文化和技術究竟如何可能，關鍵的創意究竟要素為何，在什麼樣的環境和條件下得以蘊育出文明滋生的土壤和天才誕生的基因；同時城市的發展又如何建立一套有效管理的城市秩序，以回應城市的各式生存問題和競爭壓力。作者全書的關鍵問題意識：這些城市如何偉大，如何成為文明典範，亦即城市文明的創造力如何可能，創意城市的要件為何。
梳理這個問題，本書指出四種創新和創意的類型下相應的典範城市。構成本書「作為文化熔爐的城市」、「創意環境之城」、「藝術與技術的聯姻」、「城市秩序的建立」，以及「藝術、技術和機構的結合」五個主要討論面向的章節。作者追溯這些各具特性，各領風騷的典範城市，從古雅典做為西方文明起源之都，古羅馬的帝國秩序之都、到文藝復興之都佛羅倫斯，十六世紀戲劇之都倫敦，十八世紀音樂之都維也納以及十九世紀工業革命之都的曼徹斯特、技術創新之都的柏林、藝術革命與現代性之都的巴黎、汽車之都底特律，再到二十世紀的大眾文化之都的夢工廠洛杉磯、以及現代主義之都紐約。作者細緻的揭示這些城市如何在不同時期，不同特定條件下創生關鍵性典範，典範如何更迭革新，又留下什麼獨具特色的城市風格及其深具影響性的文化遺產。作者宏觀歴史架構和微觀細節敘述，都在回答城市與文明發展觀係中的文化、創新和城市秩序三個主要核心問題。
因此，本課程將透過《文明中的城市》一書，述說（西方）城市文明的故事。西方城市如何誕生文化藝術，如何帶入創意技術，城市如何進入現代性和治理秩序，城市又如何成為造夢工廠和資訊科技空間。而城市變遷中的觀念革命，制度更新，技術創新，器物升級，創意智慧開發的創生軌跡和動力要素，成為我們溯源過去，思考城市理想未來具體可行的啟示。
1. The goal of the curriculum in the humanities field is to inspire students to appreciate beauty and be willing to do good in art.
2. The goal of this course: to explore the model of Western urban civilization: "Cities in Civilization". How cities can become model spaces for culture, art, and innovation is the core focus of the course. The discussion is based on three aspects: (1) The historical background of urban civilization models; (2) The characteristics of urban civilization models: (3) Urban civilization models How to withstand the test of history.
The city is where the body is located, where emotions are attached, where memories are tied, where people exist, where society is formed, and the crystallization of which is human civilization. The city itself is a historical space written by the body, a civilized space embodied by human beings with sensory and physical experience as the main axis. Therefore, people, as a kind of urban people, how should we think about the relationship between people and cities, how people exist in cities, how cities write history, and how people and cities co-construct human civilization. Or how can we think about people’s way of living and cultural style from an urban perspective, the city’s survival aesthetics, the city’s civilized character, and the urban creative practices that make it possible. Think deeply about this issue from the perspective of history: how cities create a space for human civilization and how to form a space for cultural creativity to gather is what this course focuses on.
Looking at the development of cities, human beings entered the agricultural period and started the livelihood and lifestyle of large-scale settlements and farming. Cities emerged six thousand years ago. Along with agriculture, cities have become a space for human beings to live together. Cities have also given birth to republican city-states, the earliest democratic spaces. In medieval Europe, cities served as fortresses to defend against foreign enemies and became small countries. Cities are also market exchange spaces that promote prosperous economy and trade, and cities Free air is also a space that attracts immigrants and gathers talents. How do human beings live in cities, how do they perceive, how do they love, hate, how do they express emotions, and how do they use their bodies to create the unique style and aura of each era in the urban space, thus crystallizing the splendid culture and art of different periods and promoting the upliftment of human life? material technology. Peter Hal, a well-known contemporary urban planning historian, pointed out that cities are melting pots of culture and have played an important role in various stages of civilization development. From ancient times to the present, cities have become the scene of cultural changes, economic development, artistic innovation, spatial planning progress, and technological leaps. Mumford, another well-known urban historian, proposed that urban history is the history of civilization. Cities gather the power and culture of civilization and preserve social heritage. For example, architecture and art not only show the development and progress of the city, but also express various human concepts and emotions.
Therefore, we will enter the history of urban civilization and read in depth the historical record of the city as a cultural production space and its evolution. The discussion of urban civilization has begun since Mumford's classic book "The City in History" (The City in History), which has been the most ambitious, systematic and comprehensive contemporary study of the historical changes of cities and the relationship between cities and civilization development. The book on the history of urban civilization should be recommended by Peter Hall, a famous British historian of urban civilization and urban planning scholar, "Cities in Civilization". This book travels through three thousand years of human history, looking for model types of Western urban civilization. On the one hand, the author is knowledgeable in historical materials and details the unique cultural classic appearance and creation and transformation process of each model city. Through these cities, we can witness each model city. The evolution of ideas and lifestyles and technological innovations and inventions under different economic, social and political conditions in this historical period and the unique urban spatial appearance of the city; another In this regard, the author also attempts to explain how the creativity, creative culture and technology of these cities that once created the glorious "golden age" were possible, what are the key elements of creativity, and under what environment and conditions can civilization be nurtured. The soil and the genes from which geniuses are born; at the same time, how does the development of a city establish an effectively managed urban order to respond to various survival problems and competitive pressures in the city? The author's awareness of key issues throughout the book: how great these cities are and how they can become models of civilization, that is, how is the creativity of urban civilization possible and what are the requirements for a creative city.
To sort out this issue, this book points out corresponding model cities under four types of innovation and creativity. The book consists of five main discussion-oriented chapters: "City as a melting pot of culture", "City as a creative environment", "The marriage of art and technology", "The establishment of urban order", and "The combination of art, technology and institutions". The author traces these model cities with their own characteristics and leading styles, from ancient Athens as the origin of Western civilization, to ancient Rome as the capital of imperial order, to Florence, the Renaissance capital, and London, the capital of drama in the 16th century. , Vienna, the capital of music in the 18th century, Manchester, the capital of the industrial revolution in the 19th century, Berlin, the capital of technological innovation, Paris, the capital of artistic revolution and modernity, Detroit, the automobile capital, and then the mass culture of the 20th century. Los Angeles, the city’s dream factory, and New York, the capital of modernism. The author reveals in detail how these cities created key models in different periods and under different specific conditions, how the models changed and innovated, and what unique urban styles and influential cultural heritage they left behind. The author's macroscopic historical structure and microscopic details are all answering the three main core questions of culture, innovation and urban order in the concept of urban and civilization development.
Therefore, this course will tell the story of (Western) urban civilization through the book "Cities in Civilization". How did Western cities give birth to culture and art, how did they introduce creative technology, how did cities enter modernity and governance order, and how did cities become dream factories and information technology spaces? The conceptual revolution, institutional renewal, technological innovation, equipment upgrading, and the creative trajectory and driving force of creative and intelligent development in urban changes have become inspirations for us to trace the past and think about the concrete and feasible future of urban ideals.
彼得•霍爾(Peter Hall)，《文明中的城市》(Cities in Civilization)（北京：商務印書館，2020）
Peter Hall, "Cities in Civilization" (Beijing: The Commercial Press, 2020)
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂報告和出席課堂報告和出席 Class Reports and Attendance |
30 | 課程以講授和討論方式進行，每週安排同學負責閱讀材料之摘要報告，和閱讀心得，並提出問題。報告當天書面繳交。請勿無故缺席課堂報告（無法到課報告請事先請假）。每週點名，出席率列入平時成績計算。 |
| 平時作業平時作業 Daily homework |
20 | 每位同學需就各週之指定教材，任選四篇撰寫閱讀心得，期中考前和期末考前各繳二篇，每篇A4一頁左右書面繳交。切勿缺繳。 |
| 自主實作自主實作 Autonomous implementation |
10 | 由通識中心統一規劃 |
| 期中/期末考試期中/期末考試 Midterm/Final Exam |
40 | 申論題(非開放式考試) |
