西方世界在中世紀中晚期的時候逐漸地恢復元氣，一開始是地中海地區貿易的恢復，然後是歐洲大陸上市鎮、城市和交易會如雨後春筍般的興起，與此同時農業、商業和工業等產業的緩慢進步，而社會上各種交換逐漸的發達，也使得對於金錢的需求越來越大。我們時常會關注到西方在中世紀之後，其經濟、文化在文藝復興、大航海時代、科學革命以及啟蒙運動等一系列巨大的歷史變遷中逐步發展，與此同時，作為金融要素的工具（貨幣、票據、借貸）、組織（股份公司）、制度（法規）等，事實上也都在歷史的進程中漸次成形。尤其是金融制度的發展，為金融的運作提供一套明確的遊戲規則，由於金融高度抽象的特性，如果沒有一套金融制度去確定金融中人與人在不同時間點（現在、未來）之間的關係（獲利、負債），那麼，引起西方近代社會變遷的重要社會行動可能就不會發生（航海冒險、技術革新）。有鑑於金融在西方近代社會變遷中的重大影響力，古典社會學家對金融與社會之間的關係有所討論，Simmel就以貨幣作為討論的切入點，由於貨幣有使物品價值純粹量化的特性，因此計算貨幣的數量就等同於計算資產的數量，擁有多少貨幣就等於擁有多少資產，加上貨幣所具有的絕對價值之特性，以貨幣為基準進行未來資產增值的計算就成為了技術上可以操作的方式。
到了當代社會學，學者們對金融與社會之關係所進行的討論裡，可以看到對古典社會學對金融議題討論的延展性，Zelizer就指出，由於每個人各有其安排生活的方式，不同的生活安排也決定了貨幣的不同用途，而貨幣的不同用途也就展現了不同生活風格的所在，因此人不會以市場價值為唯一標準去過生活，還會根據其經驗和需求作為衡量的標準來安排生活，貨幣因此不只乘載了市場價值，也實現了社會價值。而Zelizer對於金融社會學的貢獻，除了引發社會如何對無上價值進行定價的討論之外，還引發另一種思考，由於無上價值（親密關係、個人生命）因為被賦予價格而參與到了經濟活動之中，使得資產的界限被拓寬了，人們可以更加自由地透過貨幣去計算自己的資產，以此安排現在或未來的生活。
另外，從當代社會學對金融與社會變遷、市場機制、不同文化、金融化的眾多關係之多元思考中，展現的不只是議題討論的多元化，從側面觀之，也顯現了金融領域對日常生活各個領域的滲透已經達到前所未有的境地，此外，對於金融與社會之關係研究重點的多元化討論，可以看到金融已是當代社會所不能夠迴避的大問題，如不去嘗試進行理解，我們對於社會事實的認知將會有很大的不足之處。因此，除了透過對西方經濟與社會的變遷過程中，金融所具有的藏身於後但擁有支配性的地位有所探討，本課程也期望可以幫助學習者了解社會學家們如何以社會學的視角對金融與社會之間的關係進行觀察。
The Western world gradually recovered in the mid-to-late Middle Ages, first with the resumption of trade in the Mediterranean, then with the mushrooming of towns, cities, and fairs on the European continent, along with agriculture, commerce, and industry. The slow progress of society, and the gradual development of various exchanges in society, have also led to an increasing demand for money. We often pay attention to the fact that after the Middle Ages, the economy and culture of the West gradually developed in a series of huge historical changes such as the Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment. At the same time, as a tool of financial elements (currency , bills, loans), organizations (joint-stock companies), systems (regulations), etc., in fact, they all gradually took shape in the course of history. In particular, the development of the financial system provides a clear set of game rules for the operation of finance. Due to the highly abstract nature of finance, if there is no set of financial systems to determine the relationship between people in finance at different points in time (now and in the future) relationship (profit, debt), then the important social actions that caused changes in modern Western society may not have occurred (nautical adventures, technological innovations). In view of the great influence of finance in the changes of modern Western society, classical sociologists have discussed the relationship between finance and society. Simmel used currency as the entry point for discussion, because currency has the characteristic of purely quantifying the value of items. , therefore calculating the amount of currency is equivalent to calculating the amount of assets. How much currency you own is equal to how many assets you own. Coupled with the characteristics of absolute value of currency, it is technically possible to calculate future asset appreciation based on currency. The way of operation.
In contemporary sociology, scholars’ discussions on the relationship between finance and society can see the extension of classical sociology’s discussion of financial issues. Zelizer pointed out that because everyone has his or her own way of arranging life, different People's living arrangements also determine the different uses of money, and the different uses of money also show different life styles. Therefore, people will not live their lives based on market value as the only standard, but will also use it as a measure based on their experience and needs. To arrange life according to standards, currency not only carries market value, but also realizes social value. Zelizer's contribution to financial sociology not only triggered discussions on how society prices supreme value, but also triggered another kind of thinking, because supreme value (intimacy, personal life) participates in economic activities because it is given a price. Among them, the boundaries of assets have been broadened, and people can more freely calculate their assets through currency to arrange their current or future life.
In addition, contemporary sociology’s diverse thinking on the relationship between finance and social change, market mechanisms, different cultures, and financialization not only shows the diversity of topic discussions, but also shows the financial field’s impact on daily life from a side perspective. Penetration into all areas of life has reached an unprecedented level. In addition, with the diversified discussions on the research focus on the relationship between finance and society, we can see that finance has become a big issue that cannot be avoided in contemporary society. If we do not try to understand it, we will Awareness of social facts will leave much to be desired. Therefore, in addition to exploring the hidden but dominant position of finance in the process of Western economic and social changes, this course also hopes to help learners understand how sociologists use a sociological perspective to Observations on the relationship between finance and society.
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| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂出席課堂出席 class attendance |
20 | |
| 課堂心得課堂心得 Classroom experience |
60 | 共繳交六份，每人每份至少800字。 |
| 期末報告期末報告 Final report |
20 | 從《貨幣網絡與生活結構――地方金融、中小企業與臺灣世俗社會之轉化》和《金融與美好社會》二本著作中擇一撰寫書評，每人每份至少2400字。 |
