分析哲學是當代西方哲學的主流之一，語言哲學構成分析哲學中一個重要的部分。根據 Michael Dummett，將分析哲學和其它學派區分開來的，是這樣的一個信念：對思想做哲學的解釋，能夠經由對語言做哲學的解釋而獲得，且僅能經由對語言做哲學的解釋而獲得 (1994：4)。自十九世紀數學家、哲學家 Frege、Russell 等人開始，意義理論或語言哲學被視為是哲學中所有其它類別的基礎，他們認為哲學問題可以透過對於語言的探究來解決，促使哲學的發展做了一個語言轉向 (a linguistic turn)。他們經常使用邏輯作為分析的工具，要求論述清晰、有條理。時至今日，分析哲學中含蓋的內容愈來愈廣，專業分工也更加細緻，分析哲學並非僅有語言哲學，但若不認識語言哲學，有點可惜。除了從語言的面向去解決既有的哲學問題，像是關於存在的問題，當代分析哲學家也發展和討論了關於語言的哲學問題，其主題涉及了意義的本質，語言和實在的關係，以及我們如何使用、學習、和理解語言。更具體地說，語言哲學至少探討了這些問題：什麼是意義？什麼是真理？什麼是指涉？意義和指涉如何關連在一起？語言溝通如何可能？在這門課裡，我們透過 Colin McGinn 對語言哲學裡數篇經典文獻的詮釋，包括 Frege 的 “On Sense and Reference” (1892)， Russell 的 “On Denoting” (1905) 等，來理解上述問題，以獲得對於語言哲學的基本認識。Analytical philosophy is one of the mainstreams of contemporary Western philosophy, and language philosophy forms an important part of analytical philosophy. According to Michael Dummett, the division of analytical philosophy from other schools is such a belief: the explanation of philosophy of thought can be obtained from the explanation of philosophy of language, and only from the explanation of philosophy of language. Obtained (1994:4). Since the nineteenth century mathematician, philosopher Frege, Russell and others, ideology theory or language philosophy has been regarded as the basis of all other categories in philosophy. They believe that philosophical problems can be solved through exploration of language and promote the development of philosophy. A linguistic turn was made. They often use logic as an analysis tool, requiring clear and logical explanations. Today, the content of analytical philosophy is becoming more and more extensive, and the professional division of labor is more detailed. Analytical philosophy does not only have language philosophy, but it is a pity if you do not understand language philosophy. In addition to solving existing philosophical problems from the perspective of language, such as existing problems, contemporary analytical philosophers have also developed and discussed philosophical problems about language, whose topics involve the nature of meaning, the relationship between language and reality, and How we use, learn, and understand language. More specifically, language philosophy at least explores these questions: What is meaning? What is truth? What is reference? How do meaning and reference connect? How is language communication possible? In this class, we understand the above questions through Colin McGinn's commentary on several classical texts in language philosophy, including Frege's "On Sense and Reference" (1892), Russell's "On Denoting" (1905), etc. To gain basic understanding of language philosophy.
McGinn, Colin. Philosophy of Language: The Classics Explained. MIT Press, 2016.
MC gin N, Colin. philosophy of language: the classics explained. MIT press, 2016.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂參與課堂參與 Class Participation |
20 | 請多參與討論。 |
| 課堂口頭報告課堂口頭報告 Classroom Head Report |
30 | 每次約10分鐘，一學期會有數次。 |
| 期末考期末考 Final exam |
40 | 選擇題，可以看書和筆記。 |
