本課程介紹形上學這一哲學領域。修課同學應注意：目前對於課程的規劃仍有可能變動，因此同學務必出席第一堂課；具體課程內容與評分方式將以第一堂課上的說明為準。按照目前規劃，我們將仔細研讀 Alyssa Ney 介紹形上學的著作。如同 Ney 所指出，形上學的核心關懷是「實在的結構」 (structure of reality)，而對此結構的討論至少包含兩類議題：「何種事物存在，以及其最根本、最普遍的特性與 關係為何」 (what kinds of entities exist and what are their most fundamental and general features and relations) ⋆。舉例來說，我們可以問：如果真與美等價值是抽象的事物，那麼抽象的事物存在嗎？或者它們僅存在於進行價值判斷的人心中？另外，法制與市場等社會現象在什麼意義上存在？它們存在的方式是否與物理現象的存在方式同樣根本？這些問題都是形上學問題，而它們展現了形上學在哲學思考中的重要性。在本課程中，我們將檢視抽象物、種族、可能性、因果關係等形上學議題，希望能透過對這些議題的討論，建立更具系統性的思考方式。
⋆Ney 2023: xi.This course introduces the metaphysical field of learning this philosophical field. Students in the course should note that the current planning of the course may still change, so students must attend the first class; the specific course content and rating methods will be based on the explanation in the first class. According to the current planning, we will carefully study Alyssa Ney's metaphysical work. As Ney pointed out, the core metaphysical concern is the "structure of reality", and the discussion of this structure includes at least two issues: "What kind of thing exists, and its most fundamental and universal characteristics and (what kinds of entities exist and what are their most fundamental and general features and relationships) ⋆. For example, we can ask: If values such as truth and beauty are abstract things, then do abstract things exist? Or do they exist only in the hearts of people who make value judgments? In addition, what does social phenomena such as the legal system and market exist in what meaning? Are they as fundamental as the way they exist? These questions are metaphysical problems, and they show the importance of metaphysics in philosophical thinking. In this course, we will examine metaphysical issues such as abstract objects, races, possibilities, causal relationships, etc., hoping to establish a more systematic way of thinking through discussions on these issues.
⋆Ney 2023: xi.
在中西思想發展中，對於宇宙人生普遍原理的整體思辨，以及對於終極真際(ultimate reality)的理性關懷，不僅指示了哲學之為形上學的追求，也標誌了人類心智與精神活動的重大成就。什麼是構成宇宙自然的基本原理？什麼是支配宇宙自然的普遍法則？這原理與法則和人有什麼關係？人在宇宙之中，居於何等地位？什麼是宇宙人生的究極真相？在變遷不已的表面現象背後，是否有永恆不變的原理？對於這些形上學的問題，哲學家們曾提出各種解答。本課程主要將介紹(一)形上學的概念與意義；(二)研究範圍與主要課題；（三）當代形上學主要議題。
In the development of Chinese and Western thoughts, the overall thinking on the universal principles of the universe and life, and the rational concern for ultimate reality not only indicates the pursuit of philosophy as metaphysics, but also marks the major achievements of human mind and spiritual activities. . What are the basic principles of the universe and nature? What is the universal law that governs the universe and nature? What is the relationship between this principle and law and human beings? What position do people occupy in the universe? What is the ultimate truth of the universe and life? Behind the ever-changing superficial phenomena, is there a principle that never changes? Philosophers have proposed various answers to these metaphysical questions. This course will mainly introduce (I) the concepts and meanings of metaphysics; (II) the research scope and main topics; (II) the main topics of contemporary metaphysics.
Ney, Alyssa. 2023. Metaphysics: An Introduction. Second Edition. New York: Routledge.
ney, Alyssa. 2023. metaphysics: an Introduction. second edition. New York: R out multiple.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 期中考期中考 Midterm exam |
30 | |
| 期末考期末考 Final exam |
30 | |
| 出席出席 Attend |
10 |
