18、19 世紀，產業革命與工業革命為人類生活帶來新的里程碑。隨著21世紀到來，人類文明再度掀起一波科技浪潮，人工智慧取代多項以人力為主的勞動力，為人類生活帶來了便利與效率。並隨著人工智慧的蓬勃發展，日常生活中可以發現人工智慧運用的身影。 而不僅止於自駕車，醫療保健、運輸物流、金融服務、教育娛樂，乃至於法律工作等，都開始投入人工智慧，希望藉此提高生活品質與工作效率。
然而隨著人工智慧科技的發展，勢必會影響到整個勞動產業。許許多多的工作可能在未來會由人工智慧所取代，往好聽一點說是人工智慧能使人類更加輕鬆，往另一方面說則是老闆傾向使用不會生病、不會偷懶、更不會罷工的人工智慧，許多一般性的工作機會反而是人類被取代而有失業的風險，法律界更不例外。 從法律 AI 平台 LawGeex 與史丹佛大學、杜克大學法學院和南加州大學的法學教授合作進行的一項研究中，讓 20 名有經驗的律師與經過訓練的法律 AI 程式進行一場關於合約擬定的比賽。比賽結果律師團的準確率為85％，AI的準確率則高達95％，其中最大的差異在於AI僅使用26秒鐘的時間，而人類律師團則平均使用92分鐘。從該項實驗來看，律師的工作性質上，不僅在未來有被取代的可能，事實上有一部份業務在目前即已被取代。如以往寫訴狀時，多會尋找專業律師協助，而對於較為普遍性的案件，大多套套例稿即可完成，輕鬆賺取酬勞。但近年發展出AI律師機器人DoNotPay，以問答方式協助客戶們解決法律疑問，更是能夠幫助人們寫狀紙，並如同其名稱意思──不必支付任何金錢。
台灣各大學之法律系，多為公務人員考試或律師證照考試取向，學生們悶頭準備各式各樣的科目，一心嚮往考上律師後能如何改變人生，卻不知在寒窗苦讀的期間，工作生態上已經產生相當大的變化。學生們考上律師後，可能感覺業務不斷被AI所取代，受雇律師的工作不如預想中的好，反而落得一場空。因此，在讀書準備證照或公務員考試時，勢必得不斷吸取更加新穎的知識，並隨之評估未來走向。而本課程之目的，即在於給予法律系學生們吸取最新科技知識的機會。畢竟一般社會科學類的學科，大多完全不碰自然科學之領域，學生們無法理解AI的運作，更無法理解如何影響到其未來職業走向。基此，大學開設AI相關課程應相當具必要性，本課程希望能帶領學生們追上時代的潮流，不再將自己侷限於國家考試的框架內，更大地拓展自身的視野。
本學期課程議題設定在人工智慧對法律的衝擊與變革、人工智慧運用於司法實務與刑事訴訟、國際人工智慧法制等，計畫邀請國內外相關領域之專家學者到校演講，藉由專家之演講提升修課同學對相關領域之專業知識。
教學目標：本課程期望透過法律以及人工智慧等跨領域的學科，帶領學生理解AI機器學習的正確知識、運作原理以及其侷限性，並進ㄧ步研究、完善AI倫理及其相關法制的目的。
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Industrial Revolution and Industrial Revolution brought new milestones to human life. With the arrival of the 21st century, human civilization has once again set off a wave of technology. Artificial intelligence has replaced many human-based labor forces, bringing convenience and efficiency to human life. And with the vigorous development of artificial intelligence, the application of artificial intelligence can be found in daily life. Not only self-driving cars, but also medical care, transportation and logistics, financial services, education and entertainment, and even legal work are all beginning to invest in artificial intelligence, hoping to improve the quality of life and work efficiency.
However, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, it will inevitably affect the entire labor industry. Many jobs may be replaced by artificial intelligence in the future. At best, artificial intelligence can make humans easier. On the other hand, bosses tend to use machines that will not get sick, be lazy, or go on strike. With artificial intelligence, many general job opportunities are replaced by humans and there is a risk of unemployment, and the legal profession is no exception. From a study conducted by the legal AI platform LawGeex in collaboration with law professors from Stanford University, Duke University School of Law, and the University of Southern California, 20 experienced lawyers were asked to conduct a contract drafting exercise with a trained legal AI program. competition. The accuracy of the competition results was 85% for the lawyer team and 95% for the AI. The biggest difference was that the AI only used 26 seconds, while the human team of lawyers used an average of 92 minutes. Judging from this experiment, the nature of lawyers' work is not only likely to be replaced in the future, but in fact, part of the business has already been replaced at present. In the past, when writing a complaint, most people would seek help from professional lawyers. However, for more common cases, most cases can be completed with a set of sample drafts, making it easy to earn remuneration. However, in recent years, the AI lawyer robot DoNotPay has been developed to help customers solve legal questions in a question-and-answer manner. It can also help people write petitions without paying any money, as the name implies.
Most of the law departments in Taiwan's universities are oriented towards the Civil Service Examination or the Lawyer License Examination. Students are busy preparing for various subjects, eager to change their lives after being admitted to the bar. However, they do not know how to work while studying hard in the cold window. Considerable changes have occurred ecologically. After students are admitted to the bar, they may feel that the business is constantly being replaced by AI, and the work of the employed lawyers is not as good as expected, but in vain. Therefore, when studying to prepare for certificates or civil service exams, you must constantly absorb more new knowledge and evaluate future trends accordingly. The purpose of this course is to give law students the opportunity to absorb the latest scientific and technological knowledge. After all, most general social science subjects do not touch the field of natural science at all. Students cannot understand the operation of AI, let alone how it affects their future career direction. Based on this, it is quite necessary for universities to offer AI-related courses. This course hopes to lead students to catch up with the trend of the times, no longer limit themselves to the framework of national examinations, and expand their horizons even more.
The topics of this semester's courses are set on the impact and reform of artificial intelligence on law, the application of artificial intelligence in judicial practice and criminal litigation, international artificial intelligence legal system, etc. It is planned to invite experts and scholars in related fields at home and abroad to give lectures at the school, and through the expert speeches Enhance the professional knowledge of students taking the course in related fields.
Teaching objectives: This course hopes to lead students to understand the correct knowledge, operating principles and limitations of AI machine learning through interdisciplinary subjects such as law and artificial intelligence, and to further research and improve AI ethics and related legal systems.
一、期刊論文
請參考2018人工智慧與法律國際學術研討會《新世代的科技革命：一場AI與法律的國際思辨》之相關研討資料，時間於2018年12月27日～12月28日，地點：張榮發基金會國際會議中心以及高雄大學法學院演講廳舉辦。
二、專書
1.張麗卿，刑法總則理論與應用，五南，2018.09
2.張麗卿，新刑法探索，元照，2018.01
3.Garry Kasparov，Deep Thinking：Where Machine Intelligence Ends and Human Creativity Begins(深度思考:從深藍到
AlphaGo，了解人工智慧的未來、探索人類創造力的本質，大腦最後防線與機器鬥智的終極故事)
4.John Frank Weaver，Robots Are People Too(機器人也是人：人工智能時代的法律)，元照，2018.05
5.三津村直貴，圖解 AI 人工智慧大未來：關於人工智慧一定要懂得 96 件事，旗標，2018.07
6.坂本真樹，AI必修課：日本情感研究權威的人工智慧秒懂攻略，世茂，2018.10
1. Journal articles
Please refer to the relevant seminar materials of the 2018 International Academic Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Law "The New Era of Technological Revolution: An International Thought on AI and Law", held from December 27th to December 28th, 2018, at: Zhang Rongfa Foundation Held at the International Conference Center and the Lecture Hall of Kaohsiung University Law School.
2. Special books
1. Zhang Liqing, Theory and Application of General Principles of Criminal Law, Wunan, 2018.09
2. Zhang Liqing, Exploration of New Criminal Law, Yuanzhao, 2018.01
3.Garry Kasparov, Deep Thinking: Where Machine Intelligence Ends and Human Creativity Begins(Deep Thinking: From Deep Blue to
AlphaGo, understand the future of artificial intelligence, explore the nature of human creativity, the ultimate story of the brain’s last line of defense and the battle of wits with machines)
4. John Frank Weaver, Robots Are People Too (Robots Are People Too: Law in the Age of Artificial Intelligence), Yuanzhao, 2018.05
5. Mitsumura Naoki, illustrated the future of AI artificial intelligence: 96 things you must know about artificial intelligence, Flag, 2018.07
6. Maki Sakamoto, AI Required Course: The Authoritative Artificial Intelligence Guide for Japanese Emotional Research, Shimao, 2018.10
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 上課參與上課參與 Participate in class |
50 | |
| 課堂報告課堂報告 class report |
30 | |
| 期末報告期末報告 Final report |
20 |
