課程簡介
本課程從歷史社會學的視野，以日治時期殖民現代性為背景出發，系統性地檢視自二戰後迄今之台灣現代性形構。首先，在梳理了西方現代性的重要相關議題後，更進一步地對台灣「現代性的在地化」展開反思，也同時對西方中心的「現代性」論述進行質疑。長久以來，在台灣「現代性」很少「被問題意識化」（problematized）。因此，對於現代性的理解也趨於單向度、扁平化，缺乏深刻的、較為複雜的辯證內容。一個較系統性地重訪／反思現代性的工作實刻不容緩。
本課程主要目的企圖以台灣的「在地化現代性」做為啟發性的置疑架構 （problematique），立足台灣，與「西方現代性」進行廣泛平衡的對話，期能切合並發揮台灣特殊的異質性歷史積澱，洞悉「西方中心論」可能隱涵的偏見與限制，並與既有之本土經驗研究對話。自從十九世紀中葉以來，台灣社會即受到西方經濟、文化與政治體制的影響，主動或被動地追求西方所經歷過的「現代化」，因而使得當代台灣體現在諸如經濟、政治、社會、文化等面向上，有著與西方社會雷同的「普遍」特徵。
然而相較於現代性在西方的萌芽、開展與擴散，究竟台灣的現代性和西方的現代性有何牽衍、並行、殊異之處，在何種程度上，台灣社會具有西方社會的現代性特質，這些問題一直困擾著台灣的社會科學研究者，也構成本課程的核心關懷。「他山之石，可以攻錯」，本課程意在為台灣的現代性問題思考，提供更為廣闊的「全球平行比較視野」，探討台灣身處在三大帝國（中國、日本、美國）邊緣所造成的獨特歷史發展。以大歷史之角度，來考察位處帝國邊緣的台灣國家機器，如何折衝其間、並穿透內部社會公私領域之權力部署、及總體資源分配，系統地勾勒台灣現代性形構的主要面向與關鍵議題。
身為一個社會學家最想回答的問題是「台灣是一個什麼樣的社會？」而要回答此問題，必須藉由「自我反身性」地回顧戰後迄今台灣社會發展，進行自我描述與建構歷史圖像。必須特別強調的是，要深入地了解台灣社會發展史，必須從國家研究作為重要的起點。因為，非常弔詭地，由於台灣的國家生成有其外來「移入政權」（settled regime）的歷史遺緒，故孤懸獨立於台灣所固有的原生社會，迥然有別於現代西方民族國家，大多孕生自既有社會結構中的歷史路徑。換言之，西方的國家是在既有的社會中浮現、結構化摶成的（state in/through society）。反之，台灣的國家形構是自外和凌駕於社會之上，並進而模塑了後來的社會形構（state over/upon society）。
循此，我們可以大膽地宣稱，要全面地深入掌握台灣社會發展史，對國家的研究便構成了Robert Merton所說的「策略性研究場域」（strategic research site）。質言之，國家研究正是彰顯與闡明台灣現代性宏觀歷史進程的起點，和起槓桿作用的阿基米德點。就此意義而言，研究國家的形成與轉型的最終目的在回答「何以致之、孰以致之」地解釋「我們從何處來，現在處於何地、未來將往何處走」的大哉問。惟有在此基礎上，方能更進一步求索未來台灣在全球化挑戰與民主深化的未竟之業之雙重嚴峻挑戰下，所面臨的結構性限制、嚴峻考驗與可能出路的現實關懷。這是身為社會學家的我們責無旁貸的重要課題和使命，也構成本課程的主要問題意識。
Course Introduction
This course is based on the perspective of historical social science, based on the colonial modernity during the Japanese reign, and systematically examines the modernity of Taiwan since the beginning of the Second World War. First, after sorting out the important relevant issues of Western modernity, we further reflect on Taiwan’s “localization of modernity” and at the same time doubt the Western-centered “modernity” argument. For a long time, "modernity" in Taiwan has rarely been "problemized". Therefore, the understanding of modernity also tends to be single-dimensional and flat, lacking profound and more complex evidence content. A work that revisits/reflects on modernity systematically is indestructible.
The main purpose of this course is to use Taiwan's "local modernity" as an initiating problematic structure. Based in Taiwan, it conducts a broad and balanced dialogue with "Western modernity", hoping to integrate and develop Taiwan's special historical conclusions of abnormality, understand the prejudice and limitations that the "Western Center Discussion" may be conceived, and to dialogue with existing local experience research. Since the 19th Century, Taiwan society has been influenced by Western economic, cultural and political systems, actively or passively pursued the "modernization" that the West has experienced, thus making contemporary Taiwanese society more oriented, such as economy, politics, society, culture, etc., with "universal" characteristics similar to Western society.
However, compared with the emergence, development and dispersion of modernity in the West, what are the evolution, practices and differences between Taiwan's modernity and the Western modernity, and to what extent, Taiwanese society has the modernity of Western society. These problems have always troubled Taiwan's social science researchers and also constitute the core concerns of the course. "Stones from other mountains can be used to solve errors." This course is intended to provide a more broad "global parallel comparison perspective" for thinking about Taiwan's modern problems, and explore the unique historical development caused by Taiwan's location on the edges of the three empires (China, Japan, and the United States). From a broad historical perspective, we examine the Taiwan national machines in the border areas of the empire, how to compromise the power deployment and overall resource allocation in the internal social public and private sectors, and systematically outline the main aspects and key topics of Taiwan's modern structure.
As a socialist’s most wanted question is “What kind of society is Taiwan?” To answer this question, we must “reflexively” review Taiwan’s social development so far after the war, and make self-describe and construct historical images. It must be particularly emphasized that to deeply understand the history of social development in Taiwan, national research must be an important starting point. Because, very simplistically, because Taiwan's countries have a historical outlook of "settled regime" outside, they are independent of the native society inherent in Taiwan, and are completely different from modern Western nations. Most of them are born from historical paths in existing social structures. In other words, Western countries emerge and are structured in existing societies (state in/through society). On the contrary, Taiwan’s national structure is to be above society from outside and beyond, and then mold the later social structure (state over/upon society).
Following this, we can clearly declare that we must have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the history of social development in Taiwan, and that research on countries has formed what Robert Merton calls "strategic research site". In other words, national research is the starting point of the modern macro-historical process of Taiwan and the Archimedes that plays a role in shaping. In this sense, the ultimate goal of studying the formation and transformation of a country is to answer the great question of "why do we get there, where we are now, and where we will go in the future" in answer to the great question of "what do we get there." Only on this basis can we further explore the structural limitations, severe tests and possible solutions faced by Taiwan under the severe challenges of globalization and the unfinished industry of deepening democracy. This is the important subject and mission that we, as socialists, are responsible for free and unlimited loans, and also constitutes the main problem awareness of the course.
王德威編著，2005，《台灣：從文學看歷史》。台北：麥田。
黃煌雄編，2017，《三代台灣人：百年追求的現實與理想》。新北：遠足文化。
黃金麟、汪宏倫、黃崇憲，2010，《帝國邊緣：台灣現代性的考察》。台北：群學。
Erik Olin Wright 著，陳信宏譯，2020，《如何在 21 世紀反對資 本主義》。台北：春山。
Written by Wang Dewei, 2005, "Taiwan: Looking at History from Literature". Taipei: Maitian.
Edited by Huang Huangxiong, 2017, "Three Generations of Taiwanese: Reality and Ideals Pursued for a Century". New Taipei: Far-friendly culture.
Huang Jinlin, Wang Honglun, Huang Chongxian, 2010, "Empire Edge: An Investigation of Modernity in Taiwan". Taipei: Group studies.
By Erik Olin Wright, Chen Xinmao, 2020, "How to Oppose Capitalism in the 21st Century". Taipei: Spring Mountain.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂閱讀心得／討論課堂閱讀心得／討論 Class reading experience/discussion |
30 | |
| Issue memoIssue memo issue memo |
30 | |
| 期末報告期末報告 Final report |
40 |
