1.本課程首先介紹收養與其特別法,婚生子女與非婚生子女就繼承等權益上之區別,監護及輔助宣告制度及受監護及輔助宣告者之繼承能力與其相關法律問題.其次,就繼承編,繼承施行法,及相關特別法,如保險法,台灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例,祭祀公業條例,公證法及家事事件法為有關規定配合說明;並介紹相關外國立法例,大法官會議解釋如771/728/712/668/437等,及實務見解等.最後,本課程就繼承權,遺產繼承人,繼承之標的,共同繼承,繼承人之限定責任/拋棄繼承/法定單純承認,遺囑,遺贈與特留分等為說明.
2.繼承法係為規範基於身分關係對於因繼承所生財產上之權利義務關係.其立法目的及精神,一方面確保繼承人生存權,人格權,平等權,財產權,另一方面亦應兼顧債權人之財產權及社會交易安全等權益.
3.1931年制定之我國民法採當然繼承主義,繼承人如未於法定期間內辦理限定或拋棄繼承,原則上須承受被繼承人財產上之一切權利與義務,但專屬於被繼承人之權利義務則非屬繼承之範圍.自1931年制定施行以來,歷經數次修法,主要有2008年及2009年六月之修法,2009年六月之修法將原以概括繼承為原則,限定繼承及拋棄繼承例外之繼承制度,修正為以繼承人負限定責任為原則,拋棄繼承為例外.換言之,繼承人除拋棄繼承外,雖概括承受被繼承人財產上一切權利及義務,但對於被繼承人之債務,僅以所得遺產為限,負有限責任.
4.為保護弱勢繼承人,避免因無法知悉其得繼承,及被繼承人生前之債務等,分別於2008年及2009年六月修法時,於繼承編施行法增訂第1條之1,第1條之2,第1條之3等為例外之溯及既往之規定.惟對於修正施行前已償還之債務,基於法之安定性及信賴保護原則,明訂不得請求返還.再者,為加強保護舊法時之繼承人,2013年1月30日修正公布繼承編施行法第1條之1及第1條之2,將先前由繼承人就由其繼續償還債務,顯失公平之舉証責任,改為原則上以所得遺產為限,負清償責任;但債權人如能証明由繼承人負清償之有限責任,顯失公平者,繼承人仍須負無限責任.
5.本課程一方面介紹民法親屬與繼承相關概念之連結,如收養與其特別法,監護及輔助宣告制度與繼承法之基本概念與基礎理論;另一方面配合相關實務案例為適用及研析,以利概念了解及比較.盼引發同學學習興趣,進而發展學習方式,以期培養發現問題,獨立思考,與尋求正確資訊及解決問題之能力.
1. This course first introduces adoption and its special laws, the difference in rights and interests such as inheritance between legitimate and illegitimate children, the system of guardianship and auxiliary declaration, the inheritance capacity of the guardian and auxiliary declaration and related legal issues. Secondly, it introduces Inheritance, inheritance enforcement laws, and related special laws, such as the Insurance Law, the Regulations on Relations between the People of Taiwan and the Mainland Area, the Regulations on Sacrifice and Public Enterprises, the Notarization Law and The Family Affairs Law provides an explanation of relevant provisions; it also introduces relevant foreign legislative cases, interpretations of the Supreme Court Conference such as 771/728/712/668/437, etc., as well as practical insights, etc. Finally, this course discusses inheritance rights, inheritance heirs, and the subject of inheritance. , joint inheritance, limited liability of heirs/abandonment of inheritance/simply legal recognition, wills, legacies and special portions are explained.
2. The inheritance law system regulates the relationship of rights and obligations with respect to property resulting from inheritance based on identity relationships. Its legislative purpose and spirit are to ensure that heirs' rights to survival, personality rights, equality rights, and property rights on the one hand, and on the other hand, creditors should also be taken into account property rights and social transaction security and other rights and interests.
3. Our country’s civil law enacted in 1931 adopts the doctrine of ex officio succession. If the heir fails to limit or abandon the inheritance within the legal period, in principle he must assume all the rights and obligations of the decedent’s property, but the rights and obligations exclusive to the decedent are not inheritance. Scope. Since its enactment and implementation in 1931, the law has been revised several times, mainly in June 2008 and 2009. The revision of the law in June 2009 revised the inheritance system that was originally based on the principle of general inheritance, with the exception of limited inheritance and abandonment of inheritance, to the principle of limited liability of the heir, with the exception of abandonment of inheritance. In other words, except for abandonment of inheritance, the heir, although he has abandoned the inheritance, Generally assume all the rights and obligations of the decedent's property, but have limited liability for the decedent's debts only to the extent of the inheritance received.
4. In order to protect vulnerable heirs from being unaware of their inheritance and the debts of the deceased during his lifetime, Article 1-1 and Article 1 were added to the Enforcement Law of Succession in June 2008 and 2009 respectively when the law was revised. 2 and 3 of Article 1 are exceptions to the retroactive provisions. However, for debts that have been repaid before the amendment is implemented, based on the stability of the law and the principles of trust protection, it is expressly stipulated that no return can be requested .Furthermore, in order to strengthen the protection of the heirs under the old law, Article 1-1 and 1-2 of the Succession Enforcement Act were amended and promulgated on January 30, 2013, and it is obviously unfair that the heirs will continue to repay debts. The burden of proof of equity is changed to, in principle, being limited to the inheritance received and the liability for repayment; however, if the creditor can prove that it is unfair for the heir to bear limited liability for repayment, the heir must still bear unlimited liability.
5. On the one hand, this course introduces the connection between concepts related to relatives and inheritance in civil law, such as adoption and its special laws, the basic concepts and basic theories of guardianship and auxiliary declaration systems and inheritance law; on the other hand, it cooperates with relevant practical cases for application and analysis. To facilitate conceptual understanding and comparison. We hope to arouse students' interest in learning, and then develop learning methods, with a view to cultivating the ability to discover problems, think independently, and seek correct information and solve problems.
某人死亡時，其一切的權利義務，須於一定秩序外，有人為之受；而其生前所扶養的親屬或家屬，為維持生活，乃須依賴遺產。本課程即在研討繼承關係及遺產繼承等諸問題，民法繼承之規定。
When someone dies, all his rights and obligations must be taken over by someone outside a certain order; and the relatives or family members he supported during his lifetime must rely on the inheritance to maintain their livelihood. This course studies various issues such as inheritance relations and inheritance, as well as the provisions of civil law inheritance.
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| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 平時成績平時成績 usual results |
33 | 出缺席狀況.隨堂測驗或練習,自我能力提升之努力及進步 |
| 期中考試期中考試 midterm exam |
33 | 以基本概念釐清並配合案例練習為重心(例如選擇或簡答與申論題) |
| 學期考試學期考試 Semester exam |
34 | 以基本概念釐清並配合案例練習為重心(例如選擇或簡答與申論題) |
