社會主義是政治與社會哲學的一個重要流派，遠在古希臘時期與基督教教義中便可見其概念發端，但真正的起源則與法國大革命、歐洲工業化及資本主義的發達有關，並需自由人權與民主思想作為後盾。社會主義的基本概念是對平等、正義等價值的重視，除了對不公不義發出不平之鳴外，亦嘗試提出完整的分析與論述，企圖在這樣的理解底下尋求實踐的方案，以實現人類社會的平等與正義。
基於上述的理由，社會主義不僅尋求政治上的平等，尤其針對經濟上的不平等著力最深，並視資本主義為主要的批評對象，企圖修正或革除其弊病，倡議組成更為公平的經濟社會，在資產持有與分配的問題上有著或溫和或激進的主張，因而對近代歷史與政治有著舉足輕重的影響。而在當代，隨著民主政治在各國的落實，以及國際陣營間因冷戰結束而告終的意識形態之爭，社會主義的思想則化為更具體的社會、經濟與政治改革主張，對因全球化、資訊科技與網路發達而演變成更龐大體系的資本主義，提出相應的批評與解決方案。
Socialism is an important school of political and social philosophy. Its conceptual origin can be seen as far back as the ancient Greek period and Christian teachings. However, its real origin is related to the French Revolution, European industrialization and the development of capitalism, and requires freedom, human rights and the development of capitalism. Backed by democratic ideas. The basic concept of socialism is the emphasis on values such as equality and justice. In addition to crying out against injustice, it also attempts to provide a complete analysis and discussion, trying to find practical solutions under this understanding to realize the development of human society. Equality and justice.
Based on the above reasons, socialism not only seeks political equality, but also focuses particularly on economic inequality. It regards capitalism as the main target of criticism, attempts to correct or eliminate its shortcomings, and advocates the formation of a more equitable economic society. He has moderate or radical opinions on the issue of asset holding and distribution, and thus has a decisive influence on modern history and politics. In contemporary times, with the implementation of democratic politics in various countries and the ideological battles between international camps that ended with the end of the Cold War, socialist ideas have turned into more specific social, economic and political reform propositions, and have responded to globalization. , the development of information technology and the Internet has evolved into a larger system of capitalism, and put forward corresponding criticisms and solutions.
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| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 平時成績平時成績 usual results |
50 | 出缺席及上課表現、小作業或指定議題討論。 |
| 期中考期中考 midterm exam |
20 | 期中考試。 |
| 期末考期末考 final exam |
30 | 期末考試。 |
