在消費社會裡，由於商品的生產或服務的提供，絕大部分都是以科學技術的研究、發明，透過科技自動化生產體系大量生產、製造或提供，並透過層層的流通管道，最後到達消費者。在這樣的消費社會以及消費結構裡，（商品的）製造者或（服務的）提供者以及流通業者，亦即消保法中所稱之企業經營者，與一般廣大的消費者之間，係處於明顯對立關係而殊少有互換角色的可能。具體而言，企業經營者恆較消費者大眾具有雄厚的經濟力、資訊能力，以及（商品或服務）專業能力。以致，一般而言，消費者對商品或服務的效用、功能以及如何消費，絕大部分都得仰賴企業經營者提供專業資訊。故一旦消費者在消費商品或受服務發生權益損害時，本於現行民法所規定歸責理論進行究責時，因資訊能力、專業能力之不足以及科技專業的難以舉證，致損害賠償之請求通常將功敗垂成。另外，由於企業經營者與消費者兩極對立的結果，雙方所成立的契約，屢屢所見的都屬於定型化契約，此種契約的類型之普及化，消費者之權益亦往往遭受損害或受到極不公平的對待。儘管「每一個人都是消費者」，消費者人數眾多，看似勢力龐大，其實每個人每天都會有為數甚夥的消費，因此每個消費者都只能為消費者，但甚難就各種消費類型形成消費群體或團體，基於消費者權利之保護，自有容許公設之消費者保護團體，甚至透過公權力（行政機關）積極介入的必要。更有一點加以說明者是，消費者社會中一旦發生消費者權益受害時，為被害人之消費者往往人數眾多，但就被害之數額而言，卻多見少額，此種受害狀況如欲依現行民事訴訟體制解決消費爭議，亦往往事倍功半。基於消費社會上述所發生消費者權利保護之必要，我國在民國83年1月11日即公布施行「消費者保護法」（或稱消保法）以為因應。本法於民國92年及去（106）年各有一次之重大修正。In the consumer society, due to the production or service of goods, most of them are based on scientific and technological research and invention, and are produced, manufactured or provided in large quantities through the automatic production system of technology, and finally reach consumers through the layer-level circulation pipeline. In such consumer society and consumer structures, (product) manufacturers or (services) providers and distributors, that is, the enterprise operators referred to in the Consumer Protection Law, and generally large consumers, there is little possibility of changing roles in clearly opposing relationships. Specifically, corporate operators are more likely to have strong economic power, information capabilities, and professional capabilities (for goods or services). So, generally speaking, consumers have to rely on corporate operators to provide professional information on the utility, function and how to consume goods or services. Therefore, when consumers suffer from rights and interests in consumer goods or services, when they are liable to the litigation theory stipulated in the Civil Law, requests for damage compensation will usually be achieved due to insufficient information ability, professional ability and difficulty in technology. In addition, due to the extreme opposition between the two companies and consumers, the contracts established by both parties belong to stereotyped contracts. With the popularity of this type of contract, consumers' rights are often harmed or treated unfairly. Although "everyone is a consumer", there are many consumers and seem to be very powerful. In fact, everyone will have a lot of consumption every day. Therefore, every consumer can only be a consumer, but it is difficult to form a consumer group or group based on various consumer types. Based on the protection of consumer rights, there is a need for public consumer protection groups and even to intervene through public rights (administrative agencies). One more point is that once a consumer's rights suffers from the consumer society, the number of consumers who are victims is often large, but in terms of the number of victims, there are more and less amounts. If this kind of victimization is to resolve consumer disputes based on the current civil litigation system, it is often half the result with twice the effort. Based on the necessity of protecting consumers' rights as mentioned above by the Consumer Society, our country announced the implementation of the Consumer Protection Law (or called the Consumer Protection Law) on January 11, 1983. This Law has been revised once in 1992 and last year (106).
最新修正之消保法計本法78條，施行細則計33條，合計共有111條（註1）。其內容計分總則（1~6條）、消費者權益（7~26條）、消費者保護團體（27~32條）、行政監督（33~42條）、消費爭議之處理（43~55條）、以及罰則（56~62條）共七章，本法係一兼具實體法、程序法、公法、私法等領域之複合性法律。基於立法當時之社會背景，本法係集合立法時所存在消費者權益保護之諸各國屬於獨立法律於一體之綜合性法律。因此就法律之適用與解釋而言，本法之所規定內容，時有前後難以銜接的矛盾與衝突，而關於各法律之規範亦屢見有殘缺與不足之處，是以基於使本法得以有效之施行，及切望其足以發生有效之規範作用，對於本法的理論探討及深入研究分析即益顯重要。
The latest amended Consumer Protection Law contains 78 articles of this law, with 33 articles of implementation details, and a total of 111 articles (Note 1). Its content consists of seven chapters: the total (parts 1 to 6), consumer rights (parts 7 to 26), consumer protection group (parts 27 to 32), administrative supervision (parts 33 to 42), consumer dispute handling (parts 43 to 55), and punishment (parts 56 to 62). This law has a combination of complex laws in the fields of physical law, procedural law, public law, private law and other fields. Based on the social background of the legislation, this Law combines the protection of consumer rights in the legislation and the comprehensive laws of each country belonging to independent laws in one form. Therefore, in terms of the application and interpretation of the law, the contents stipulated in this Law are always contradictory and conflicts that are difficult to connect before and after, and the regulations of each law also show shortcomings and deficiencies. Therefore, it is more important to the theoretical exploration and in-depth research and analysis of this Law based on the effective implementation of this Law and the effectiveness of its effective regulations.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 上課成績上課成績 Class preparation |
40 | |
| 報告報告 report |
60 |
