隨著經濟及科技之發展，法人組織體之社會性意義日漸重要，但法人貪腐與犯罪亦隨之而來，其中，法人貪腐導致經濟發展之果實盡入少數人之私囊，無法由全民共享，因此，私部門貪腐之抑制暨法人貪腐之處罰成為新興重要課題；另一方面，法人活動有著重要社會價值之同時往往也可能招致重大事故乃至於嚴重公害之發生，為了遏止事故與公害之重演，論者有指摘僅處罰個人已然不足，必須處罰法人。然而，不論是法人貪腐之處罰或是法人肇致之事故乃至於公害之處罰，首先要面臨的便是刑法理論上之問題，亦即，法人既無靈魂又無軀體，那麼理論上是否有可能不透過自然人而直接處罰法人呢？如若終究還是得透過自然人方才能處罰法人，那麼為何直接處罰自然人仍有未足？又即便法人處罰在刑法理論上有其可能，接著在程序法上仍有一連串之難題，首先，相對於法人處罰論，另有論者認為就防止事故重演之觀點上與其處罰法人還不如改變法人之體質，因為刑事之處罰僅僅聚焦在犯罪構成要件上，並無法觸及法人之所以肇致事故乃至於公害的組織體內部之系統錯誤，如此一來，即便處罰了法人也無法釐清其組織體內之系統錯誤，於此意義上，刑事處罰其實並無法達到遏止事故或公害再度重演的目的，而立基於此觀點，便有所謂刑事轉向機制論之倡議。本課程之目的在於深入討論法人處罰在刑事實體法上之可能性與必要性乃至於程序法上之轉向可能性與必要性。With the development of economy and technology, the social meaning of legal entities is becoming increasingly important, but legal person corruption and crimes are also coming. Among them, the results of the economic development of legal persons have been fully invested in the private pockets of a few people and cannot be shared by the whole people. Therefore, the suppression of private corruption and legal persons Corruption and punishment have become an important subject in new development; on the other hand, legal person activities have important social values and may often lead to major accidents and even serious public harm. In order to prevent the recurrence of accidents and public harm, the debater accused that only individuals were not punished and legal persons must be punished. However, whether it is a legal person's corruption, an accident caused by a legal person, or even a public harm, the first thing to face is the problem in the theory of criminal law, that is, a legal person has no soul or body, so is it possible that it is possible to directly punish a legal person without going through a natural person? If you have to use natural persons to punish legal persons, then why is it still not enough to directly punish natural persons? Even if the legal person's punishment is possible in the theory of criminal law, then there are still a series of difficulties in procedural law. First of all, compared with the legal person's punishment, some other argue that it is better to change the legal person's quality in terms of preventing accidents from happening again than in the case of punishing the legal person, because criminal punishment only focuses on the elements of the crime and cannot be accessed. The system errors inside the organization that caused accidents and even public damaging causes, in this way, even if the legal person is punished, the system errors inside the organization cannot be cleared. In this sense, criminal punishment cannot actually achieve the purpose of curbing accidents or public damaging recurrence. Based on this view, there are some suggestions on the criminal turning mechanism. The purpose of this course is to discuss in-depth the possibility and necessity of legal persons' punishment in criminal physical law and even the possibility and necessity of procedural law.
1. 劉芳伶自編教材
2. Lexis Advance 法學檢索系統
3. Westlaw International (Westlaw法律新聞全文資料庫)
4. http://fjudkm.judicial.gov.tw/(司法智識庫)
5. http://jirs.judicial.gov.tw/Index.htm(司法院法學資料檢索系統)
1. Liu Fangling’s self-edited textbook
2. Lexis Advance Law Search System
3. Westlaw International (Westlaw Legal News Full Text Database)
4. http://fjudkm.judicial.gov.tw/(Judgment Intellectual Library)
5. http://jirs.judicial.gov.tw/Index.htm (Judicial Court Law Data Search System)
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 平時成績平時成績 Regular achievements |
50 | 出席、互動、作業。 |
| 學期成績學期成績 Study period results |
50 | 期末報告之書面與策展表現。 |
