民主政治有許多不同的類型，有複決民主(referendum democracy)，有代議民主(representative democracy)，有多數民主(majoritarian democracy)，有共識民主(consensus democracy)，有憲政民主(constitutional democracy)，有審議民主(deliberative democracy)。然而，不論何種類型的民主，都必須以民選的議會為基礎來運作，議會（立法機關）必然是民主政府權力的中心。在民主政治下，法律必須由民選的議會所制定，議會藉由法律的制定，為整個社會做權威性的價值分配，因此民主政治的統治必須以贏得議會的多數支持為前提。本課程旨在介紹議會民主相關的爭議，以及其與其他民主類型的關係，以期學生具備相關的政治知識，分析判斷與公共服務的能力。

There are many different types of democracy, including referendum democracy, representative democracy, majoritarian democracy, consensus democracy, constitutional democracy, and deliberative democracy. However, no matter what type of democracy, it must operate on the basis of an elected parliament, and the parliament (legislature) must be the center of democratic government power. Under democratic politics, laws must be enacted by the democratically elected parliament. Parliament makes authoritative value distribution for the entire society through the enactment of laws. Therefore, the rule of democratic politics must be based on winning the majority support of parliament. This course aims to introduce the controversies related to parliamentary democracy and its relationship with other types of democracy, so that students can acquire relevant political knowledge, analytical judgment and public service capabilities.

(1) Clucas, Richard A. and Melody Ellis Valdini. 2015. The Character of Democracy: How Institutions Shape Politics. New York: Oxford University.
(2) Hazan, Reuven Y. ed. 2011. Cohesion and Discipline in Legislatures. New York: Routledge.
(3) Lijphart, Arend. 2012. Patterns of Democracy: Government forms and Performance in Thirty-six Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
(4) Qvortrup, Matt. 2013. Direct Democracy: A comparative study of the theory and practice of government by the people. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
(5) Papadopoulos, Yannis. 2013. Democracy in Crisis? Politics, Governance and Policy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
(6) Smith, William. 2013. Civil disobedience and deliberative democracy. New York : Routledge.
(7) 任冀平（2014），＜司法審查存立的制度性基礎＞，（全球政治評論）第48期，頁27~62。
(8) 任冀平（2011），＜法院與政治：美國司法政治初探＞，（全球政治評論）第33期，頁73~95。
(9) 沈有忠（2012），＜通往議會制之路─德國國會的憲政定位與政黨政治＞，（臺灣民主季刊）第9卷第2期，頁39~69。
(10) 廖達琪、陳月卿、李承訓（2013），＜半總統制下的國會監督－從法制面比較台灣與法國國會的監督能量＞，（問題與研究）第52卷第2期，頁51~97。
(11) 彭錦鵬（2001），＜從歐美經驗論國會議員人數及「立委席次減半」＞，（政治科學論叢）第15期，頁171~190。
(12) 黃秀端（2003），＜少數政府在國會的困境＞，（台灣政治學刊）第七卷第二 期，頁3-49。
(13) 盛杏湲（2006），＜臺灣民眾為什麼討厭立法院？＞，（台灣民主季刊）第3卷第3期，頁85~128。
(14) 蘇子喬、王業立（2012），＜總統與國會選制影響政黨體系的跨國分析＞，（問題與研究）第51卷4期，頁35~70。
(15) 蘇子喬（2010），＜憲政體制與選舉制度的配套思考＞，（政治科學論叢）第44期，頁35~74。
(16) 蕭怡靖（2005），＜我國立法院資深制度之探討—委員會遊走及召集委員深制度之變遷＞，（政治科學論叢）第25期，頁105~134。

(1) Clucas, Richard A. and Melody Ellis Valdini. 2015. The Character of Democracy: How Institutions Shape Politics. New York: Oxford University.
(2) Hazan, Reuven Y. ed. 2011. Cohesion and Discipline in Legislatures. New York: Routledge.
(3) Lijphart, Arend. 2012. Patterns of Democracy: Government forms and Performance in Thirty-six Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
(4) Qvortrup, Matt. 2013. Direct Democracy: A comparative study of the theory and practice of government by the people. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
(5) Papadopoulos, Yannis. 2013. Democracy in Crisis? Politics, Governance and Policy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
(6) Smith, William. 2013. Civil disobedience and deliberative democracy. New York: Routledge.
(7) Ren Jiping (2014), "The Institutional Basis for the Existence of Judicial Review", (Global Politics Review) No. 48, pp. 27~62.
(8) Ren Jiping (2011), "Courts and Politics: A Preliminary Study of American Judicial Politics", (Global Politics Review) No. 33, pp. 73~95.
(9) Shen Youzhong (2012), "The Road to Parliamentary System - The Constitutional Positioning and Party Politics of the German Reichstag", (Taiwan Democracy Quarterly), Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. 39~69.
(10) Liao Daqi, Chen Yueqing, and Li Chengxun (2013), "Congress Supervision under Semi-Presidential System - Comparing the Supervision Energy of Taiwan and France Congresses from the Legal Aspects", (Issue and Research), Volume 52, Issue 2, pp. 51~97.
(11) Peng Jinpeng (2001), "On the number of members of Congress and the "halving of legislative seats" based on European and American experience", (Political Science Series) No. 15, pp. 171~190.
(12) Huang Xiuduan (2003), "The Dilemma of the Minority Government in Congress", (Taiwan Political Science Journal), Volume 7, Issue 2, pp. 3-49.
(13) Sheng Xingyi (2006), "Why do Taiwanese people hate the Legislative Yuan?" ＞, (Taiwan Democracy Quarterly) Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 85~128.
(14) Su Ziqiao and Wang Yeli (2012), "A cross-national analysis of the impact of presidential and congressional election systems on party systems", (Issue and Research), Volume 51, Issue 4, pp. 35~70.
(15) Su Ziqiao (2010), "Thoughts on supporting the constitutional system and electoral system", (Political Science Series), Issue 44, pp. 35~74.
(16) Xiao Yijing (2005), "Discussion on the seniority system of my country's Legislative Yuan - Changes in the system of committee wandering and convening committee members", (Political Science Series), Issue 25, pp. 105~134.