瞭解。
洗錢被視為國際性的犯罪現象。一方面他存在跨國性的「基礎的交易」(Grundgeschäfte)，
例如違法的毒品、武器以及人口買賣，在偵查實務上可以發現在犯罪行為人的結構上具有強
烈的國際化趨勢 (即洗錢行為人可能來自於不同的國家)，這種犯罪現象必然會造成犯罪所得
在國際間流動；在另一方面，為了隱匿違法所得，部份不法獲利會流入不同國家的金融市場。
另外，由於金融市場大量的交錯交易以及現今快速的國際交易技術更有利於國際性的洗錢活
動。為了有效對抗洗錢，國際上開始制定了共同對抗洗錢規範的國際公約。因此對抗洗錢犯
罪是屬國際乃至於超國際，而為全世界以及歐洲為創設實質洗錢刑法的改革，因此洗錢刑法
具有強烈的國際刑法(Internationales Strafrecht)特性。在國際上對抗洗錢犯罪採取的策略是鎮
壓式的洗錢對抗 (Repressive Geldwäschebekämpfung) 和預防式的洗錢對抗 (Präventive
Geldwäschebekämpfung)，前者主要是以洗錢犯罪的入罪化以及加強刑事司法互助的手段對抗
洗錢；後者則是強調預防策略，通過完善的金融規章以及加強行政合作的手段以達到預防洗
錢犯罪的目的。而這種雙管齊下的對抗洗錢策略也為各國所援用。

Understand.
Money laundering is considered an international criminal phenomenon. On the one hand, there are transnational "basic transactions" (Grundgeschäfte),
For example, illegal drugs, weapons and human trafficking, in investigation practice, it can be found that the criminal perpetrators have strong structural characteristics.
With the strong internationalization trend (that is, money laundering perpetrators may come from different countries), this criminal phenomenon will inevitably result in criminal proceeds
Flow internationally; on the other hand, in order to conceal illegal gains, part of the illegal profits will flow into the financial markets of different countries.
In addition, due to the large number of interleaved transactions in the financial market and today's fast international transaction technology, it is more conducive to international money laundering activities.
Move. In order to effectively combat money laundering, the international community has begun to formulate international conventions to jointly combat money laundering. So fight against money launderers
The crime is international or even supra-international, and it is a reform of the criminal law of money laundering for the whole world and Europe, so the criminal law of money laundering
It has strong characteristics of international criminal law (Internationales Strafrecht). The strategy adopted to combat money laundering crimes internationally is to suppress
Repressive money laundering confrontation (Repressive Geldwäschebekämpfung) and preventive money laundering confrontation (Präventive
Geldwäschebekämpfung), the former mainly counters the criminalization of money laundering crimes and strengthening mutual assistance in criminal justice.
money laundering; the latter emphasizes prevention strategies and achieves prevention of money laundering through sound financial regulations and strengthening administrative cooperation.
Money crime. This two-pronged strategy to combat money laundering is also used by various countries.

馬躍中，經濟刑法：全球化的犯罪抗制，二版，2017年3月。

Ma Yuezhong, Economic Criminal Law: Globalized Crime Resistance, Second Edition, March 2017.