人類社會是一個充滿人為及意外災害的社會，世界各國的災變可分為：一、自然災難，如風災（含颱風、颶風及龍捲風）、水災、地震、土石流、火山爆發、海嘯等。二為人為災難，如火災、核能災害、化學災害、恐怖攻擊事件（如美國911事件）社會暴亂、重大空難及交通事故等。據美國學者之研究，光是在美國一地，自然災變所引起的死亡人數及財產損失金額在公元2000年時約為1200人及150億美金，而2005年發生於美國東南部五洲的卡崔娜颶風（Hurricane Katrina）及2013年發生美東三洲的珊迪颶風（HurricaneSandy）所帶來的損失，合計高達美金4000億以上。在其他實施災難管理政策比較落後的國家，其人命的傷亡及財產的損失更是驚人，如中國唐山大地震（死亡25萬人）及汶川大地震（死亡8萬七千多人）、台灣九二一大地震、日本阪神大地震、及311大地震（死亡一萬九千人）、中東及中南美國家之大地震，如2010海地大地震（死亡31萬人），2004年的南亞海嘯（死亡28萬人），以及2015年尼泊爾大地震（死亡上萬人）等。由以上舉例來看，災害對人類生命與財產之影響甚大，其危害甚至不亞於戰爭，故世界各國政府無不積極面對此一重大公共議題並且謀求因應與解決之道。Human society is a society full of human and unexpected disasters. Disasters in various countries around the world can be divided into: 1. Natural disasters, such as disasters (including typhoons, lanterns and dragon winds), water disasters, earthquakes, earth and rock flows, volcanic eruptions, sea waves, etc. Second, people are disasters, such as fires, nuclear energy disasters, chemical disasters, terrorist attacks (such as the 9/11 incident in the United States), social violence, major air and traffic accidents, etc. According to American scholars' research, the number of deaths and property losses caused by natural disasters in the United States alone was about 1,200 and 15 billion US dollars in 2000 AD. The losses caused by Hurricane Katrina in the five southern continents of the United States in 2005 and Hurricane Sandy in the three eastern continents of the United States in 2013 were a total of more than US$400 billion. In other countries that have lagging disaster management policies, the deaths and property losses in life are even more amazing, such as the Tangshan earthquake in China (250,000 deaths) and the Wenchuan earthquake (more than 87,000 deaths), the 921 earthquake in Taiwan, the Hanshen earthquake in Japan, and the 311 earthquakes (19,000 deaths), the Central and Central and South American countries, such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake (310,000 deaths), the South Asian Sea in 2004 (280,000 deaths), and the 2015 earthquake in Nepal earthquake (10,000 deaths). Judging from the above examples, disasters have a great impact on human life and property, and their harm is not even dependent on the war. Therefore, governments around the world have absolutely faced this major public issue and are seeking reasons and solutions.
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7. 本課程自編講義三本，2014。
8. 相關中外期刊論文與報告。
9. 地方行政研習中心：防災及災變管理研習班講義，台北：行政院人事行政局，2001。
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14. James K Mitchell, Crucible of hazard ： Mega－cities and disaster in transition, U. N. University Press,1999
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5. Ministry of Interior and Fire Department: "Fire Protection Special Issue", Taipei: Executive Yuan Ministry of Interior and Fire Department, 1999-2015.
6. Central Police University: "Disaster Prevention and Rescue News" in various periods, Taipei: Central Police University, 2001-2015.
7. This course has three self-edited lectures, 2014.
8. Related Chinese and foreign journals and reports.
9. Local Administrative Research Center: Discussion on the Research Class of Disaster Prevention and Disaster Change Management, Taipei: Executive Yuan Personnel Administration Bureau, 2001.
10. Zhan Zhongyuan: "Government Crisis Management", Taipei: Published by the University of Sky, 2000.
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12. Liang Maochun: "Disaster Society" Guangzhou, published by Jinan University, 2012.
13. Drabek, Thomas E. and Gerald J. Hoetmer (ed.) . Emergency Management : Principle and Practice for Local Government. Washington D.C. International City Management Associtation.1991
14. James K Mitchell, Crucible of hazard: Mega-cities and disaster in transition, U. N. University Press,1999
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 課堂參與課堂參與 Class Participation |
50 | 視情況微調 |
| 書面報告書面報告 Written Report |
50 | 視情況微調 |
