課程目標：
現代國家（the modern State）在日常生活有無比的重要性，在公共政策的領域中更是如此。但在衛生政策的領域裡（至少就台灣的文獻而言），或許正因為國家機關的無所不在，若非被看成制訂、執行政策的善意行動者，就是被視為一個具有制度規則的場域。我們很少問：在衛生政策的領域裡，國家的角色為何？為何我們認為國家應該扮演這樣的角色？國家這些政策中得到什麼好處？讓誰得到好處？為什麼是這樣的政策？
回答這些問題的政治社會學分析，主要有兩個取向。其一是以社會為中心的取向（society-centred approach），即探討各種社會力量（包括國家）如何在國家之中及透過國家而形塑相關政策的政治過程。其二是以國家為中心的取向（state-centred approach），即以國家為切入點，考察國家作為一整套機構（institutional ensemble），如何透過衛生政策而展現（或無法展現）其「國家效應」（state effect）（即，「看起來像個國家」）。在相關的文獻中，「治療型國家（the therapeutic state）即是少數以國家為切入點的研究取向。然而，衛生體系、衛生政策及民眾健康，不過是現代國家的其中一個制度面向、干預手段及職能而已。從衛生政策領域「看起來像個國家」，但同時從其他社會領域（如經濟、文化或生活世界等等）看起來，很可能是充滿利益衝突的、自我矛盾的，甚至是運作不良的（dysfunctional）。
本課程以三個治療型國家理論為對象，邀請課程參與者，透過資本主義社會（capitalist society）這個主要參考架構，經由討論、辯析及理解相關議題的實際演練，對三個治療型國家理論進行批判檢視。

Course objectives:
The modern State is of immense importance in daily life, especially in the field of public policy. However, in the field of health policy (at least as far as Taiwanese literature is concerned), perhaps because of the omnipresence of state agencies, they are either regarded as well-intentioned actors formulating and implementing policies, or they are regarded as a field with institutional rules. We rarely ask: What is the role of the state in the realm of health policy? Why do we think the state should play this role? What benefits does the country get from these policies? Who benefits? Why is this policy?
Political sociology analysis to answer these questions mainly has two orientations. One is the society-centred approach, which explores how various social forces (including the state) shape the political process of relevant policies in and through the state. The second is the state-centred approach, which takes the country as the entry point and examines how the country, as an institutional ensemble, displays (or fails to display) its "state effect" (that is, "looks like a country") through health policies. In the relevant literature, "the therapeutic state" is one of the few research directions that takes the country as the starting point. However, the health system, health policy and public health are just one of the institutional aspects, intervention methods and functions of the modern state. From the field of health policy, it "looks like a country", but at the same time from other social fields (such as economy, culture or life world, etc.), it is likely to be full of conflicts of interest, self-contradiction, and even dysfunctional (dysfunctional).
This course targets three therapeutic state theories and invites course participants to critically examine the three therapeutic state theories through the main reference frame of capitalist society through discussion, analysis and practical exercises in understanding related issues.

 Core Readings:
1. Christopher Pierson (2004) The Modern State. 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
2. Thomas S. Szasz (2003/2001) Pharmacracy: Medicine and Politics in America. New York: Syracuse University Press.
3. Andrew J. Polsky (1991) The Rise of the Therapeutic State. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
4. James L. Nolan, Jr. (1998) The Therapeutic State: Justifying Government at Century’s End. New York and London: New York University Press.

 Supplementary Sources:
1. Michael Foucault, 2010, The birth of biopolitics : lectures at the Collège de France, 1978-1979. New York : Picador（中譯本：《生命政治的誕生︰法蘭西學院演講系列（1978-1979）》，上海人民出版社，2011）。
2. Thomas Lemke, 2001, ‘The birth of bio-politics’: Michel Foucault's lecture at the Collège de France on neo-liberal governmentality. Economy and Society 30, 2, 190-207.
3. Blencowe, Claire, (2011) Biopolitical experience : Foucault, power and positive critique. Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan.
4. Patrick Dunleavy and Brendan O’Leary. (1987) Theories of the State: The Politics of Liberal Democracy. London: The Macmillan Press.（羅慎平譯，1994，《國家論：自由民主政治學》，台北：五南圖書）
5. Martin Carnoy. (1984) The State and Political Theory. Princeton. N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press.（杜麗燕、李少軍譯，1995，《國家與政治理論》。台北：桂冠）
6. James L. Nolan (1999) Reinventing Justice: The American Drug Court Movement. Princeton University Press.
7. James L. Chriss (1999) Counseling and the Therapeutic State. Aldine Transaction
8. David Cohen (editor) (1990) Challenging the Therapeutic State: Critical Perspectives on Psychiatry and the Mental Health System. Inst. of Mind & Behavior.
9. Bob Jessop (2015) The State: Past, Present, Future. Polity Press.
10. Thomas S. Szasz (1999) The Fatal Freedom: The Ethics and Politics of Suicide. Westport, CT: Praeger.（吳書榆譯，2001，《自殺的權利》。台北：商周出版）
11. 許甘霖，2011，＜醫療化、醫權政治，與治療型國家：一個策略–關係取向的批判＞，《社會分析》，第三期，頁119-140。
12. 張瑞玲，2009，《治療型國家與高危險群策略：台灣藥癮愛滋減害計畫的建制民族誌分析》，成大公衛所碩論。
13. Thomaz S. Szasz, M.D., Center for Lib

 Core Readings:
1. Christopher Pierson (2004) The Modern State. 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
2. Thomas S. Szasz (2003/2001) Pharmacracy: Medicine and Politics in America. New York: Syracuse University Press.
3. Andrew J. Polsky (1991) The Rise of the Therapeutic State. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
4. James L. Nolan, Jr. (1998) The Therapeutic State: Justifying Government at Century’s End. New York and London: New York University Press.

 Supplementary Sources:
1. Michael Foucault, 2010, The birth of biopolitics : lectures at the Collège de France, 1978-1979. New York : Picador (Chinese translation: "The birth of biopolitics: lectures at the Collège de France (1978-1979)", Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2011).
2. Thomas Lemke, 2001, ‘The birth of bio-politics’: Michel Foucault’s lecture at the Collège de France on neo-liberal governmentality. Economy and Society 30, 2, 190-207.
3. Blencowe, Claire, (2011) Biopolitical experience : Foucault, power and positive critique. Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan.
4. Patrick Dunleavy and Brendan O’Leary. (1987) Theories of the State: The Politics of Liberal Democracy. London: The Macmillan Press. (Translated by Luo Shenping, 1994, "Theories of the State: The Politics of Liberal Democracy", Taipei: Wunan Books)
5. Martin Carnoy. (1984) The State and Political Theory. Princeton. N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press. (Translated by Du Liyan and Li Shaojun, 1995, "State and Political Theory". Taipei: Laurel)
6. James L. Nolan (1999) Reinventing Justice: The American Drug Court Movement. Princeton University Press.
7. James L. Chriss (1999) Counseling and the Therapeutic State. Aldine Transaction
8. David Cohen (editor) (1990) Challenging the Therapeutic State: Critical Perspectives on Psychiatry and the Mental Health System. Inst. of Mind & Behavior.
9. Bob Jessop (2015) The State: Past, Present, Future. Polity Press.
10. Thomas S. Szasz (1999) The Fatal Freedom: The Ethics and Politics of Suicide. Westport, CT: Praeger. (Translated by Wu Shuyu, 2001, "The Right to Suicide". Taipei: Shangzhou Publishing House)
11. Xu Ganlin, 2011, "Medicalization, medical power politics, and the therapeutic state: a strategy-relationship-oriented critique", "Social Analysis", Issue 3, pp. 119-140.
12. Zhang Ruiling, 2009, "Therapeutic State and High-Risk Group Strategies: An Institutional Ethnographic Analysis of Taiwan's Drug-Addicted AIDS Harm Reduction Program", Master's thesis, Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University.
13. Thomaz S. Szasz, M.D., Center for Lib