康德(I. Kant, 1724-1804)的批判哲學宗旨在回答"人是什麼?"的問題, 康德分別以純粹理性批判, 實踐理性批判, 以及判斷力批判等三書回答有關人在知識論(知性), 倫理學(道德)以及美感、目的論方面逆所求能的能力問題, 這些雖是廣義的人性探討的範域; 但稍晚在單粹理性限度內宗教一書中明白論及人性(human nature)的問題, 以及在道德形上學一書中延申德性(virtue)的論點, 他認為, 人在本性上存在根本惡, 卻又有向善的稟賦, 人之採納善原則或惡原則才是我們判斷人的行動之道德與否的關鍵, 而且, 人性中道德情感的成分影響德性的至善完滿。本課程選擇聚焦在康德有關道德哲學範域的人性論, 目標之一是由此探究康德的道德哲學與人性論的關係, 進而做為學員研究廣義的倫理學時得以參照、比較或批判各種學派觀點的預備工作。Kant (I. Kant, 1724-1804)'s critical philosophy aims to answer the question of "What is a man?" Kant uses pure rational criticism, practical rational criticism, and judgmental criticism to answer the questions of people's ability to go against their ability in terms of intellectual theory (intellectuality), ethics (morality), aesthetics and purpose. Although these are the domains of broad human nature exploration, they understand the problems of discussion and human nature in the book "Religion within the limit of pure rationality," later. And the argument for extending virtue in a book on moral metaphysics, he believes that human beings have fundamental evil in nature and have the potential to be good. The principle of taking good or evil principles is the key to our judgment on the moral and negative aspects of human actions. Moreover, the moral emotions in human nature affect the perfection and perfection of virtue. This course is chosen to focus on Kant's human nature theory on the domain of moral philosophy. One of the goals is to explore the relationship between Kant's moral philosophy and human nature theory, and then to make preparations for students to refer to, compare or criticize various school-based views when studying ethics.
I. Kant, Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, trans. by T. M. Greene, New York: Harper/ Baker & Taylor Books, 1960/2011.
I. Kant, 康德著作全集-第六卷: 純然理性界限度內宗教、道德形而上學, 主秋零主編, 北京: 中國人民大學出版社, 2010。
I. Kant, 實踐理性批判, 鄧曉芒譯, 台北: 聯經, 2004。
黃振華, 論康德哲學, 李明輝主編, 台北: 時英, 2005。
李明輝, 儒家與康德, 台北: 聯經, 1990。
牟宗三, 圓善論, 台北: 學生書局, 1996。
I. Kant, Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, trans. by T. M. Greene, New York: Harper/ Baker & Taylor Books, 1960/2011.
I. Kant, Complete Works of Kant - Volume 6: Religion and Moral Metaphysics within the limits of pure rationality, edited by Zhu Qiuling, Beijing: China People's University Press, 2010.
I. Kant, Criticism of Real Rationality, Dunn Munru, Taipei: Union, 2004.
Huang Zhenhua, Commentary on Kant Philosophy, Editor of Li Mingxiu, Taipei: Chu Ying, 2005.
Li Mingxiu, Confucianism and Kant, Taipei: Union, 1990.
Mou Zongsan, Yuan Shansan, Taipei: Student Book Bureau, 1996.
| 評分項目 Grading Method | 配分比例 Grading percentage | 說明 Description |
|---|---|---|
| 平時師生互動平時師生互動 Normally, students interact |
50 | 閱讀指定教材討論與提問的表現, 以及出席率 |
| 期末書面報告期末書面報告 Final period written report |
50 | 選擇建議的題目申論為論文形式 |
